Surface features of vaccinia virus-infected human embryonic cells as studied by scanning electron microscopy

Gamliel, Haim; Polliack, Aaron; Sarov, Israel

doi:10.1016/0042-6822(77)90222-7

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In contrast, the RIG values of uninfected cells remained largely constant over 8 h. The AraC-treated cells showed only a small RIG increase of about 1.3-fold, suggesting that the RIG increase is predominantly due to viral late gene expression. VACV infections exhibit membrane blebbing phenotypes at early and late time points, as well as focal bud-like swellings ( 18 ). Such features are diagnostic of a contractile cell cortex, as reported for uninfected cells in cell migration and response to mechanical cues ( 19 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…VACV exploits apoptotic mimicry to enter host cells through cellular blebbing, that is, protrusions of the cell membrane, implicated in cytokinesis and cell motility ( 20 , 44 , 45 ). VACV-induced morphological changes of host cells include cell rounding, blebbing, and bud-like swellings ( 18 ). Picornaviruses are small, positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses with a nonenveloped icosahedral capsid of 28 to 30 nm in diameter ( 46 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Label-Free Digital Holo-tomographic Microscopy Reveals Virus-Induced Cytopathic Effects in Live Cells

Yakimovich

Witte

Andriasyan

et al. 2018

mSphere

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This study introduces label-free digital holo-tomographic microscopy (DHTM) and refractive index gradient (RIG) measurements of live, virus-infected cells. We use DHTM to describe virus type-specific cytopathic effects, including cyclic volume changes of vaccinia virus infections, and cytoplasmic condensations in herpesvirus and rhinovirus infections, distinct from apoptotic cells. This work shows for the first time that DHTM is suitable to observe virus-infected cells and distinguishes virus type-specific signatures under noninvasive conditions. It provides a basis for future studies, where correlative fluorescence microscopy of cell and virus structures annotate distinct RIG values derived from DHTM.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Label-Free Digital Holo-tomographic Microscopy Reveals Virus-Induced Cytopathic Effects in Live Cells

Yakimovich

Witte

Andriasyan

et al. 2018

mSphere

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In contrast, the RIG values of uninfected cells remained largely constant over 8 h. The AraC-treated cells showed only a small RIG increase of about 1.3-fold, suggesting that RIG increase is predominantly due to viral late gene expression. VACV infections exhibit membrane blebbing phenotypes at early and late time points, as well as focal bud-like swellings (18). Such features are diagnostic of a contractile cell cortex, as described in uninfected cells in cell migration and response to mechanical cues (19).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…VACV exploits apoptotic mimicry to enter host cells through cellular blebbing, that is, protrusions of the cell membrane, implicated in cytokinesis and cell motility (20,43,44). VACV-induced morphological changes of host cells include cell rounding, blebbing and bud-like swellings (18). Picornaviruses are small, positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses with a non-enveloped icosahedral capsid of 28-30 nm in diameter (45).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Label-free digital holo-tomographic microscopy reveals virus-induced cytopathic effects in live cells

Yakimovich

Witte

Andriasyan

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Cytopathic effects (CPEs) are a hallmark of infections. CPEs can be observed by phase contrast or fluorescence light microscopy, albeit at the cost of phototoxicity. We report that digital holo-tomographic microscopy (DHTM) reveals distinct patterns of virus infections in live cells with minimal perturbation. DHTM is label-free, and records the phase shift of low energy light passing through the specimen on a transparent surface. DHTM infers a 3-dimensional (3D) tomogram based on the refractive index (RI). By measuring RI and computing the refractive index gradient (RIG) values DHTM unveils on optical heterogeneity in cells upon virus infection. We find that vaccinia virus (VACV), herpes simplex virus (HSV) and rhinovirus (RV) infections progressively and distinctly increased RIG. VACV, but not HSV and RV infection induced oscillations of cell volume, while all three viruses altered cytoplasmic membrane dynamics, and induced apoptotic features akin to the chemical compound staurosporin, but with virus-specific signatures. In sum, we introduce DHTM for quantitative label-free microscopy in infection research, and uncover virus-type specific changes and CPE in living cells at minimal interference. Live cell Imaging | Virus Infection | Holography | Label-free microscopyCorrespondence: urs.greber@imls.uzh.ch

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Killing of burkitt-lymphoma-derived daudi cells by ultraviolet-inactivated vaccinia virus

Grunwald-Beard

Gamliel

Parag

et al. 1991

J Cancer Res Clin Oncol

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Interaction of active and UV-inactivated vaccinia virus at high multiplicity caused cytological changes and inhibition in cellular protein and DNA synthesis, thus arresting the multiplication of Burkitt-lymphoma-derived Daudi cells and eventually killing the cells. Adsorption to the cells but the lack of penetration was evident by immunofluorescence, electron microscopy and [3H]thymidine-labeled virus incorporation. Viral DNA synthesis or virus replication was not demonstrated. Thus, it appears that the massive adsorption of viral particles, active or UV-inactivated, or possibly a "toxic" component that resides in the virion, damages the plasma membrane and may be responsible for killing the cells by a mechanism of lysis from without.

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Surface features of vaccinia virus-infected human embryonic cells as studied by scanning electron microscopy

Cited by 4 publications

References 20 publications

Label-Free Digital Holo-tomographic Microscopy Reveals Virus-Induced Cytopathic Effects in Live Cells

Label-Free Digital Holo-tomographic Microscopy Reveals Virus-Induced Cytopathic Effects in Live Cells

Label-free digital holo-tomographic microscopy reveals virus-induced cytopathic effects in live cells

Killing of burkitt-lymphoma-derived daudi cells by ultraviolet-inactivated vaccinia virus

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