Surface cooling of scramjet engine inlets using heat pipe, transpiration, and film cooling

Modlin, James M.; Colwell, Gene T.

doi:10.2514/3.388

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The hollow center of the wedge allows for the potential to cool the leading edge with a gas, liquid, or a higher conductivity solid. 34,35 The hollow center also decreases the mass of the leading edge compared to solid wedges. The welded wedge presented in Fig.…”

Section: Wwwceramicsorg/actmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Behavior and Applications of Plasma Arc Welded Ceramics

King

Hilmas

2015

Int J Applied Ceramic Tech

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Zirconium diboride and zirconium carbide‐based ceramics were joined by plasma arc welding to demonstrate the versatility of this technique. A parent material composition consisting of ZrB2 with 20 vol% ZrC was hot pressed to near full density, sectioned to produce specimens for welding, and welded together to produce billets for mechanical property studies. The four‐point flexure strength of the parent material was ~660 MPa, while the strength of the welded specimens ranged from ~140 to ~250 MPa. Microstructural analysis revealed that decreased strength in the welded specimens was caused by volume flaws, microcracking of large ZrB2 grains (up to 1 mm in length), and residual tensile stresses that developed at the surface of weld pools during cooling. The versatility of plasma arc welding was demonstrated by joining of ZrC‐based ceramics and fabricating three ZrB2–ZrC components for potential applications, including a high‐temperature electrical contact, an ultra‐high‐temperature thermocouple, and a wedge that was a notional wing leading edge. These three applications demonstrated the ability to join ceramics to a refractory metal, fabricate a chemically inert high‐temperature thermocouple, and produce complex shapes for aerospace applications.

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Section: Wwwceramicsorg/actmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Behavior and Applications of Plasma Arc Welded Ceramics

King

Hilmas

2015

Int J Applied Ceramic Tech

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“…For a flat surface and constant capillary radius this term becomes zero, i.e., the last term in Eqs. (3), (4). In the case of varying capillary radius, Peterson [28] has observed that the difference in the radii of curvature causes a pressure difference and consequently pumps the liquid from a region with a large capillary radius (condenser) back to a region with a low capillary radius (evaporator).…”

Section: Governing Equations Of the Wickmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of heat pipes as heat transport devices and heat spreaders has found widespread application in many industries over the past several decades [1][2][3][4]. As a result, numerous technical publications, focusing on many aspects of heat pipe design and operation have appeared in the literature [5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal response of a flat heat pipe sandwich structure to a localized heat flux

Carbajal

Sobhan

Peterson

et al. 2006

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

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“…Film cooling is the main cooling method for modern high-temperature gas turbine components that has been used for cooling gas turbines since the 1970s. Film cooling has also been considered for cooling rockets [1] and scramjet engines [2][3][4] because of its simple structure and good cooling rates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Coolant Inlet Conditions on Supersonic Film Cooling

Peng

Jiang

2015

Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets

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The influence of the coolant gas inlet height and Mach number on supersonic film cooling were analyzed numerically while keeping the mainstream inlet conditions and coolant mass flow rate unchanged for a given coolant gas. The results indicate that, for the same coolant gas without a shock wave or with a weak shock wave, the supersonic film cooling mainly depends on the coolant gas flow rate and has little relationship to the coolant inlet height or the Mach number. For the cases with a strong shock wave, reducing the coolant inlet height (i.e., increasing the Mach number) improved the supersonic film cooling. The main reason is that the coolant gas velocity increases when the coolant inlet height is reduced for a given coolant mass flow rate, which increases the coolant flow momentum, and so the coolant gas more effectively resists the interference of the shock wave. The results also show that helium is more easily affected by the coolant inlet conditions than methane or nitrogen when the inlet Mach number is the same for the same inlet height. Nomenclature c = mass concentration, kg∕m 3 c p = specific heat, J∕kg · K D = diffusion coefficient, m 2 ∕s E t = total energy, J∕kg e = internal energy, J∕kg k = turbulent kinetic energy, m 2 ∕s 2 Ma = Mach number m = flow rate, kg∕s Pr = Prandtl number p = pressure, Pa r = recovery factor T = temperature, K u, v = velocity, m∕s x = distance from the slot along the surface, m y = coordinate normal to the surface, m Sc = Schmidt number s = coolant stream inlet height, mm γ = specific heat ratio η = adiabatic effectiveness μ = dynamic viscosity, Pa · s ρ = density, kg∕m 3 ω = dissipation of turbulent kinetic energy, 1∕s τ = shear stress, kg∕m · s 2 Subscripts aw = adiabatic c = coolant stream r = recovery condition ∞ = freestream

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Surface cooling of scramjet engine inlets using heat pipe, transpiration, and film cooling

Cited by 18 publications

References 6 publications

Mechanical Behavior and Applications of Plasma Arc Welded Ceramics

Mechanical Behavior and Applications of Plasma Arc Welded Ceramics

Thermal response of a flat heat pipe sandwich structure to a localized heat flux

Effect of Coolant Inlet Conditions on Supersonic Film Cooling

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