Surface charge compensation and ferroelectric domain structure of triglycine sulfate revealed by voltage-modulated scanning force microscopy

Likodimos, V.; Labardi, M.; Allegrini, M.; Garcı́a, N.; Osipov, V. V.

doi:10.1016/s0039-6028(01)01227-4

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…As seen in Figure 1 the permittivity of pure TGS samples, between 35°C and 47°C, shows the returning values almost one order of magnitude higher than in the upper run. This nonreproducibility in the relaxation of ferroelectric parameters was recently observed 18 and results of atomic force microscopy studies published in the literature 22–24 …”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 56%

“…15 Permittivity relaxation in pure TGS is related to ferroelectric domain reconstruction, when the crystal comes back in the ferroelectric phase. According to atomic force microscopy data [22][23][24] there is a general tendency of ferroelectric domains to coagulate. Thus, the total length of the wall domains decreases and according to Ref.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This nonreproducibility in the relaxation of ferroelectric parameters was recently observed 18 and results of atomic force microscopy studies published in the literature. [22][23][24] To study the relaxation of ferroelectric parameters as function of temperature, we placed samples in an oven that allowed the temperature to be controlled within (±0.1 • C). Initially the permittivity and losses were continuously measured while the temperature was raised from room temperature to 65 • C at a pace 0.2 • C/min.…”

Section: Relaxation In Pure Tgs Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pure and Doped Triglycine Sulfate Crystals

Alexandru

2009

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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Triglycine sulfate (TGS) crystal is an important ferroelectric crystal used on a large spectrum of radiation detection. Crystals from this family are used as targeted vidicon materials. Pure, (L + D) and L- or D-alanine doped TGS crystals in the ferro- and paraelectric phase, 3-4 cm long, were grown by slow solvent evaporation or temperature reduction. The alanine segregation coefficient, being K approximately 0.01 dopant concentrations in the crystals, was less than 1%. The L- or D-alanine doped crystals presented mirror symmetry and unipolarity. Permittivity and losses were registered online as a function of temperature or at constant temperature versus time (1 kHz, HIOKI, RLC automatic bridge). Essential parameters permittivity, losses, positive and negative polarization components, coercive field components, and the bias field of the doped samples were measured versus temperature. Hysteresis loops and their derivatives were measured with a specially designed Sawyer-Tower device. Generally, doped crystals presented much smaller permittivity and losses and a higher pyroelectric coefficient. Pure TGS samples show nonreproducible permittivity values and its relaxation was studied at constant temperature in the ferroelectric phase. Dielectric parameters have been automatically recorded online every 10 s, during approximately 7 days. It was found that the relaxation time is not a real constant on such large time intervals. In a semi-log scale, permittivity shows three stages, probably related to several mechanisms of relaxation.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Relaxation In Pure Tgs Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pure and Doped Triglycine Sulfate Crystals

Alexandru

2009

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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“…It has been used mainly to study the antiparallel domain states of bulk crystals such as triglycine sulfate [7,8] and thin film piezoelectric samples of random domain orientation. [9,10] As shown in Figure 2 nanometer scale.…”

Section: Piezoelectric Force Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Local electromechanical response at a single ferroelectric domain wall in lithium niobate

Scrymgeour

Gopalan

2004

Metall Mater Trans A

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“…15,16 For comparison, we estimated the lateral forces expected from the tilting of the surface due to the converse piezoelectric effect. Assuming a tip radius of r = 30 nm and a voltage of U =10 V pp applied to it results in a charge of Q = U4 0 r Ϸ 10 −17 C. In an external electric field E =10 11 V / m this leads to a force F = QE Ϸ 10 −6 N. As the strength of the electric field E is directly proportional to the surface charge density , comparing this result with the mea- sured value of F = 6 nN underlines that the surface charge is reduced by three orders of magnitude by compensation charge which agrees with other publications.…”

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confidence: 99%