Surface and bulk cotton fibre modifications: plasma and cationization. Influence on dyeing with reactive dye

Abstract

The surface of cotton fabrics was functionalized through corona plasma treatments and/or by cationising the whole of the fibre with an epihalohydrin. The effects of both treatments, individually and in combination are analyzed through wettability studies, by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and also by dyeing studies with an hetero bis functional reactive dye. Plasma improved wetting properties, exhaustion of the dyebaths and K/S corr of the fabrics through surface functionalisation. Cationising of the cotton highly increased the exhaustion of the dyebaths and produced a dramatic improvement in K/S corr . Plasma treatment previous to cationising increased the impregnation of the fabrics, but the effects of both treatments on dyeing parameters are additive only in column water rise and generally the effects obtained by cationising with the epihalohydrin prevail. The differences between both treatments are discussed in terms of surface functionalisation of the cotton fibres.

Sustainable textile dyeing processes

“…Cationization is basically a chemical treatment that improves the substantivity of dye-fabric by introducing positively charged groups/sites. Cationization improves uptake of anionic dyes considerably due to coulombic attraction even in the absence of electrolytes (Montazer et al 2007;Patin et al 2011;Teng et al 2010). In this section, various cationization agents used to reduce/minimize electrolyte addition during dyeing are reviewed.…”

“…Plasma treatment on textile fibres improves hydrophilicity (Patin et al 2011). Among different kinds of plasma treatments such as atmospheric, low pressure and jet, lowpressure plasma and atmospheric plasma treatment had been reported in textile dyeing pretreatment applications (Patin et al 2011).…”

“…Among different kinds of plasma treatments such as atmospheric, low pressure and jet, lowpressure plasma and atmospheric plasma treatment had been reported in textile dyeing pretreatment applications (Patin et al 2011). Different gases were used in lowtemperature plasma treatment for textile wet processing according to the nature of dye and fabrics to reduce salt concentration in dye exhaustion.…”

“…It has been reported that plasma treatment of cotton fibre increases percentage exhaustion and K/S by about 10 and 14 %, respectively, in reactive dyeing. Very brief exposure of cotton fabrics to corona plasma treatment improves the wettability of the fabric (Patin et al 2011).…”

Fabrication of superhydrophobic cotton fabrics by a simple chemical modification

“…Different techniques for producing rough surfaces were developed by imitating nature (biomimetics); however, in textile production most of them cannot be recreated. Only the introduction of nanotechnology processes, such as electrospinning (Hutmacher and Dalton 2011), plasma treatment (Kan et al 2011;Mihailović et al 2011;Patiño et al 2011;Sun and Qiu 2012;Vasiljević et al 2013) and sol-gel technology (Mahltig 2011;Bae et al 2009;Vilčnik et al 2009;Zhu et al 2011;Zhao et al 2010;Simončič et al 2012;Shateri-Khaliladad and Yazdanshenas 2013;Berendjchi et al 2011;Chen et al 2010), have enabled breakthroughs in the creation of superhydrophobic and self-cleaning textiles. In particular, the latter are very popular because the production and application of particles and nanoparticles on a surface make it possible to easily control its roughness.…”