Surface-agnostic highly stretchable and bendable conductive MXene multilayers

An, Hyosung; Habib, Touseef; Shah, Smit A.; Gao, Huili; Radović, Miladin; Green, Micah J.

doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaq0118

Cited by 250 publications

(190 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…MXene TCEs were previously prepared by techniques such as spray-coating, which allows for large area coverage, [26] and spin-coating, which permits more uniform coverage with limited area. [23,29] Here, an optimization of the dip-coating process for MXene was studied based on previous works that employed simplified [31] or layerby-layer [41] dip-coating strategies.…”

Section: Thin Film Processing By Dip-coating and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochromic Effect in Titanium Carbide MXene Thin Films Produced by Dip‐Coating

Sallés

Pinto

Hantanasirisakul

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

156

122

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MXenes, a large family of 2D transition metal carbides and nitrides, have shown potential in energy storage and optoelectronic applications. Here, the optoelectronic and pseudocapacitive properties of titanium carbide (Ti 3 C 2 T x ) are combined to create a MXene electrochromic device, with a visible absorption peak shift from 770 to 670 nm and a 12% reversible change in transmittance with a switching rate of <1 s when cycled in an acidic electrolyte under applied potentials of less than 1 V. By probing the electrochromic effect in different electrolytes, it is shown that acidic electrolytes (H 3 PO 4 and H 2 SO 4 ) lead to larger absorption peak shifts and a higher change of transmittance than the neutral electrolyte (MgSO 4 ) (Δλ is 100 nm vs 35 nm and ΔT 770 nm is ≈12% vs ≈3%, respectively), hinting at the surface redox mechanism involved. Further investigation of the mechanism by in situ X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy reveals that the reversible shift of the absorption peak is attributed to protonation/deprotonation of oxide-like surface functionalities. As a proof of concept, it is shown that Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene, dip-coated on a glass substrate, functions as both transparent conductive coating and active material in an electrochromic device, opening avenues for further research into optoelectronic and photonic applications of MXenes.

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Section: Thin Film Processing By Dip-coating and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochromic Effect in Titanium Carbide MXene Thin Films Produced by Dip‐Coating

Sallés

Pinto

Hantanasirisakul

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

156

122

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“…Similar problems were addressed for other 2D crystals including graphene, molybdenum disulfide, and tungsten disulfide using a binder molecule, which can help increasing viscosity of the ink and facilitating specific interactions between MXene sheets and substrates . However, commonly used binder molecules synthesized through chemical routes cannot offer a versatile solution for establishing and controlling sheet‐to‐sheet and sheet‐to‐substrate interactions for MXenes. In contrast to chemical binders, proteins can be a better match for MXenes, as both materials can form strong hydrogen bonding interactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inkjet Printing of Self‐Assembled 2D Titanium Carbide and Protein Electrodes for Stimuli‐Responsive Electromagnetic Shielding

Vural

Pena‐Francesch

Bars-Pomes

et al. 2018

Adv Funct Materials

159

135

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2D titanium carbides (MXene) possess significant characteristics including high conductivity and electromagnetic interference shielding efficiency (EMI SE) that are important for applications in printed and flexible electronics. However, MXene-based ink formulations are yet to be demonstrated for proper inkjet printing of MXene patterns. Here, tandem repeat synthetic proteins based on squid ring teeth (SRT) are employed as templates of molecular self-assembly to engineer MXene inks that can be printed as stimuli-responsive electrodes on various substrates including cellulose paper, glass, and flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET). MXene electrodes printed on PET substrates are able to display electrical conductivity values as high as 1080 ± 175 S cm −1 , which significantly exceeds electrical conductivity values of state-of-the-art inkjet-printed electrodes composed of other 2D materials including graphene (250 S cm −1 ) and reduced graphene oxide (340 S cm −1 ). Furthermore, this high electrical conductivity is sustained under excessive bending deformation. These flexible electrodes also exhibit effective EMI SE values reaching 50 dB at films with thicknesses of 1.35 µm, which mainly originate from their high electrical conductivity and layered structure.

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“…Components used in the mechanical sensors can be divided into active materials and supporting materials. Metal‐based materials (eg, liquid metals, metal particles, and NWs), carbon‐based materials (eg, carbon black [CB], CNT, and graphene), conductive polymers (eg, PPy, poly(3,4‐ethylene dioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) [PEDOT:PSS], and hydrogel), and other materials (eg, MOF, MXene) have been used as the active materials.…”

Section: Skin‐inspired Mechanical Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MXene has also been used for flexible mechanical sensors. For example, a conductive, stretchable, and bendable MXene mechanical sensor using the layer‐by‐layer assembly process has been reported (Figure D) . In addition, two or more kinds of conductive fillers can be used synergistically to achieve better performance.…”

Section: Skin‐inspired Mechanical Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical sensors for skin‐inspired electronics

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2019

InfoMat

167

138

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Skin, the largest organ in the human body, is sensitive to external stimuli.In recent years, an increasing number of skin-inspired electronics, including wearable electronics, implantable electronics, and electronic skin, have been developed because of their broad applications in healthcare and robotics.Physical sensors are one of the key building blocks of skin-inspired electronics. Typical physical sensors include mechanical sensors, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, electrophysiological sensors, and so on. In this review, we systematically review the latest advances of skin-inspired mechanical sensors, temperature sensors, and humidity sensors. The working mechanisms, key materials, device structures, and performance of various physical sensors are summarized and discussed in detail. Their applications in health monitoring, human disease diagnosis and treatment, and intelligent robots are reviewed. In addition, several novel properties of skin-inspired physical sensors such as versatility, self-healability, and implantability are introduced. Finally, the existing challenges and future perspectives of physical sensors for practical applications are discussed and proposed. K E Y W O R D Selectronics skin, flexible electronics, humidity sensors, mechanical sensors, temperature sensors, wearable sensors

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Surface-agnostic highly stretchable and bendable conductive MXene multilayers

Abstract: Bendable, stretchable MXene multilayer coatings are deposited onto a wide variety of surfaces, rendering them conductive and responsive.

Cited by 250 publications

References 60 publications

Electrochromic Effect in Titanium Carbide MXene Thin Films Produced by Dip‐Coating

Electrochromic Effect in Titanium Carbide MXene Thin Films Produced by Dip‐Coating

Inkjet Printing of Self‐Assembled 2D Titanium Carbide and Protein Electrodes for Stimuli‐Responsive Electromagnetic Shielding

Physical sensors for skin‐inspired electronics

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