Suppression of the interface-dependent nonradiative recombination by using 2-methylbenzimidazole as interlayer for highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells

Sönmezoğlu, Savaş; Akın, Seçkin

doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2020.105127

Cited by 82 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…It may be related to the suitable increase in the contact angle. [ 29–31 ] As a result, the absorption spectra (Figure 2b) of the three samples with the C 3 N 4 layer also show an enhancement phenomenon, which is consistent with the XRD results.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

“…It is generally recognized that defects not only militate against the photovoltaic performance of solar cells, but also limit the long‐term stability of devices under moisture condition. [ 43–45 ] Therefore, we finally explored the moisture stability of the unencapsulated PSCs based on pristine perovskite and thiazole–C 3 N 4 /perovskite at room temperature in the dark, which were stored in 65% relative humidity and about 10% low relative humidity, respectively. As displayed in Figure S6, Supporting Information, devices with the thiazole–C 3 N 4 interlayer can still maintain 92.7% of the initial efficiency after being stored for 96 h in an environment with a relative humidity of 65%, whereas the PCE of the reference solar cell is reduced by 13%.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thiazole‐Modified C₃N₄ Interfacial Layer for Defect Passivation and Charge Transport Promotion in Perovskite Solar Cells

Wang

et al. 2021

Solar RRL

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Despite the conspicuous achievements in perovskite solar cells (PSCs), further improvement of the power conversion efficiency (PCE) is hindered by substantially detrimental carrier recombination resulting from the high interfacial charge defect density and inferior charge transport kinetics. Herein, an interface engineering strategy is developed to introduce a Lewis base thiophene or thiazole–modified C3N4 layer at the electron transfer layer (ETL)/perovskite interface to constitute a stepwise energy band alignment and passivate defects at interfaces of the perovskite film. Attributed to its well‐matched energy level with TiO2 and perovskite, the charge extraction efficiency and charge transfer dynamics can be promoted remarkably, greatly inhibiting charge recombination at the interface. Furthermore, thiophene and thiazole can donate the lone pair electrons in S or N atoms to undercoordinated Pb2+, which effectively passivates the electronic trap states caused by halogen vacancies, thereby greatly minimizing trap‐assisted nonradiative recombination in the PSCs. Eventually, the thiazole–C3N4/perovskite‐based devices acquire an outstanding efficiency of 19.23%, supported by an enhanced open‐circuit voltage (VOC) of 1.11 V with improved moisture stability. This work provides an avenue for interfacial energy level modulation and defect passivation strategies for a rational interface microstructure design for meliorating the performance of PSCs.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thiazole‐Modified C₃N₄ Interfacial Layer for Defect Passivation and Charge Transport Promotion in Perovskite Solar Cells

Wang

et al. 2021

Solar RRL

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“…S6). According to the previous report [ 25 ], the non-wetting under-layer may lead to the formation of perovskite films with high-aspect-ratio crystalline grains since the lessened dragging force can result in high grain-boundary mobility [ 45 ]. Besides, Deng et al further proposed that the attraction between the solute ions and solvent molecules on the hydrophilic surface was comparably stronger than the hydrophobic surface [ 46 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 c that both samples present a cubic perovskite phase structure, in which the prominent peaks around 13.98° and 28.22° correspond to the (110) and (220) planes. The diffraction peak at 12.6° in all films belongs to the PbI 2 phase [ 45 ]. When cPCN was added, the intensity of (110) and (220) diffractions are enhanced, and the calculated full width at half maximum (FWHM) of (110) diffraction becomes smaller (0.112°) compared with the pristine sample (0.129°), suggesting a better-grown film with improved crystallinity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

cPCN-Regulated SnO2 Composites Enables Perovskite Solar Cell with Efficiency Beyond 23%

Gao

Zhang

et al. 2021

Nano-Micro Lett.

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Efficient electron transport layers (ETLs) not only play a crucial role in promoting carrier separation and electron extraction in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) but also significantly affect the process of nucleation and growth of the perovskite layer. Herein, crystalline polymeric carbon nitrides (cPCN) are introduced to regulate the electronic properties of SnO2 nanocrystals, resulting in cPCN-composited SnO2 (SnO2-cPCN) ETLs with enhanced charge transport and perovskite layers with decreased grain boundaries. Firstly, SnO2-cPCN ETLs show three times higher electron mobility than pristine SnO2 while offering better energy level alignment with the perovskite layer. The SnO2-cPCN ETLs with decreased wettability endow the perovskite films with higher crystallinity by retarding the crystallization rate. In the end, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of planar PSCs can be boosted to 23.17% with negligible hysteresis and a steady-state efficiency output of 21.98%, which is one of the highest PCEs for PSCs with modified SnO2 ETLs. SnO2-cPCN based devices also showed higher stability than pristine SnO2, maintaining 88% of the initial PCE after 2000 h of storage in the ambient environment (with controlled RH of 30% ± 5%) without encapsulation.

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“…[21] It is, therefore, highly desirable to passivate these defects to further improve the PCE and prolong the stability of perovskite devices. [22][23][24] In contrast to covalently bonded silicon (Si) solar cells, perovskite materials have a strong ionic character leading to the formation of either positively or negatively charged defects, which needs to be taken into consideration for defect passivation. [25,26] Apart from defect-related instability issues of PSCs, moisture or oxygen uptake are also considered to be important degradation mechanisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Ammonium Halide Modulators as Effective Strategy for Enhanced Perovskite Photovoltaic Performance

et al. 2021

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Despite rapid improvements in efficiency, long-term stability remains a challenge limiting the future up-scaling of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Although several approaches have been developed to improve the stability of PSCs, applying ammonium passivation materials in bilayer configuration PSCs has drawn intensive research interest due to the potential of simultaneously improving long-term stability and boosting power conversion efficiency (PCE). This review focuses on the recent advances of improving n-i-p PSCs photovoltaic performance by employing ammonium halide-based molecular modulators. The first section briefly summarizes the challenges of perovskite materials by introducing the degradation mechanisms associated with the hygroscopic nature and ion migration issues. Then, recent reports regarding the roles of overlayers formed from ammonium-based passivation agents are discussed on the basis of ligand and halide effects. This includes both the formation of 2D perovskite films as well as purely organic passivating layers. Finally, the last section provides future perspectives on the use of organic ammonium halides within bilayer-architecture PSCs to improve the photovoltaic performances. Overall, this review provides a roadmap on current demands and future research directions of molecular modulators to address the critical limitations of PSCs, to mitigate the major barriers on the pathway toward future up-scaling applications.

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Suppression of the interface-dependent nonradiative recombination by using 2-methylbenzimidazole as interlayer for highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells

Cited by 82 publications

References 45 publications

Thiazole‐Modified C₃N₄ Interfacial Layer for Defect Passivation and Charge Transport Promotion in Perovskite Solar Cells

Thiazole‐Modified C₃N₄ Interfacial Layer for Defect Passivation and Charge Transport Promotion in Perovskite Solar Cells

cPCN-Regulated SnO2 Composites Enables Perovskite Solar Cell with Efficiency Beyond 23%

Organic Ammonium Halide Modulators as Effective Strategy for Enhanced Perovskite Photovoltaic Performance

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Suppression of the interface-dependent nonradiative recombination by using 2-methylbenzimidazole as interlayer for highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells

Cited by 82 publications

References 45 publications

Thiazole‐Modified C3N4 Interfacial Layer for Defect Passivation and Charge Transport Promotion in Perovskite Solar Cells

Thiazole‐Modified C3N4 Interfacial Layer for Defect Passivation and Charge Transport Promotion in Perovskite Solar Cells

cPCN-Regulated SnO2 Composites Enables Perovskite Solar Cell with Efficiency Beyond 23%

Organic Ammonium Halide Modulators as Effective Strategy for Enhanced Perovskite Photovoltaic Performance

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Thiazole‐Modified C₃N₄ Interfacial Layer for Defect Passivation and Charge Transport Promotion in Perovskite Solar Cells

Thiazole‐Modified C₃N₄ Interfacial Layer for Defect Passivation and Charge Transport Promotion in Perovskite Solar Cells