Suppression of T cell-mediated cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity by serum from guinea pigs immunized with mycobacterial adjuvant.

Abstract

Delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions are mediated by specifically sensitized T cells that recruit auxiliary effector cells via release of lymphokines (1). Classical tuberculin-type delayed hypersensitivity (DH)1 reactions are induced when an antigen is administered in an adjuvant consisting of a water-in-oil emulsion containing mycobacteria (complete Freund's adjuvant [CFA]) (2). However, reactions with a delayed time-course can also be elicited in guinea pigs immunized with protein antigens administered in saline or water-in-oil emulsion not containing mycobacteria. These reactions differ from DH by their lack of induration and their early disappearance after immunization and testing (3).These evanescent delayed reactions that occur in animals immunized without mycobacterial adjuvants contain masses of basophils and are called cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity (CBH), a term that allows differentiation from DH reactions that contain few basophils (4). CBH reactions are "carrier specific" and are mediated by sensitized T cells (5-8), but immune serum can also mediate cutaneous basophil responses (9, 10). These latter reactions are hapten specific and can be transferred with small amounts of guinea pig IgG1 antibody (11). Thus, both T and B cell-derived factors participate in the generation of delayed basophil-rich cutaneous hypersensitivity responses.The fact that T cells can mediate both DH and CBH suggests that the two reactions are due to separate T cell subsets or that a common T cell is responsible for both reactions but that the final resulting components of the response (such as basophil content) are subject to regulatory factors. This latter possibility is suggested by the fact that guinea pigs immunized with CFA and skin tested at 3-4 wk have classical DH reactions with few basophils present, but recipients of T cells from these animals have delayed skin test reactions containing large basophil infiltrates (7). Thus, animals immunized for basophil-poor classical tuberculin reactions have T cells that can mediate CBH. The CBH activity of these cells appears to be suppressed, and it has been proposed that transfer removes them from a suppressive influence, thus allowing *

Transfer of a Drug‐induced Generalized Rash in Guinea Pigs

“…That is, the specimens did not contain as many basophils as in actively sensitized animals at 48 -72 hr (3). Recently Mitchell and Askenase (30) reported that careful examination of reactions in recipients transferred with immune T cells revealed that these responses differ significantly from those of donors. They (30) suggested that the basophil component of the delayed response depended on the modulation of T cell by factors in CFA-immune serum.…”

“…Recently Mitchell and Askenase (30) reported that careful examination of reactions in recipients transferred with immune T cells revealed that these responses differ significantly from those of donors. They (30) suggested that the basophil component of the delayed response depended on the modulation of T cell by factors in CFA-immune serum. Yoshida et al (31) suggested that basophils may have had a role in halting the reaction of GR in actively sensitized animals.…”

“…Many investigators support the hypothesis that several T cell factors (41,42) and idiotypic antibody (43,44) act in DTH regulation in mice. GR elicited in animals sensitized with antibiotics in CFA must be also regulated by factors from CFA (30,45).…”

Manipulation of Macrophage Migration Inhibition/Stimulation Responses by Adjuvants and Interleukins

“…Other investigators have re ported MIF responses to antigenic stimulation of cells from animals immunized with FCA and re sponses primarily in the negative range when immu nized with FICA [21][22][23]. Immunization with FCA leads to enhanced and long-lasting classical delayedtype hypersensitivity whereas FICA leads to transient putaneous reactivity, initially described by Coe and $alvin [4], Martins and Raffel [5] and Jones and Mote [24], which is rich in basophils (cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity) [25]. These differences in sensitiza tion are mirrored by differences in the experimental induction of immunologically mediated disease [6][7][8] which suggest that FCA promotes delayed hypersen sitivity resulting in tissue injury, while FICA leads to active suppression of tissue injury mediated by de layed hypersensitivity.…”

The role of dust mite allergens in atopic dermatitis

“…Surprisingly, T cells from an animal immunized to give classical delayed hypersensitivity will transfer CBH, which suggests that the ability to express CBH responses is suppressed in the donor animal (Askenase, 1977). In keeping with this possiblity, if both serum and cells from donor animals are transferred together, the recipients will show delayed hypersensitivity with very few basophils (Mitchell & Askenase, 1982). Thus, the serum of immunized animals contains substances which can regulate the morphology of delayed hypersensitivity responses.…”