Suppression of Sclerotinia soft rot of lettuce with organic soil amendments

Asirifi, K-N.; Morgan, W.C.; Parbery, D. G.

doi:10.1071/ea9940131

Cited by 30 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In contrast, most of the references on the effects of organic amendments on sclerotial survival reported the suppressiveness of urban compost (Rousseau 2005), or fresh organic amendments (Nico et al 2003) under controlled conditions on silty loams. A suppressive effect of compost was also reported in fields affected by Sclerotinia soft rot of lettuce (caused by S. sclerotiorum) on a loamy sand (Asirifi et al 1994).…”

Section: Effects and Contributions Of Rotation And Soil Amendments Onmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…In Australia, an increase in Sclerotinia soft rot incidence on lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) was attributed to the replacement of traditional organic amendments by mineral amendment (Asirifi et al 1994). However, the ability of composts and organic amendments to control Sclerotinia diseases depends on local soil conditions and climate; they are not universally effective.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of crop rotation and soil amendments on Sclerotinia stem rot on soybean in two soils

Rousseau¹,

Rioux²,

Dostaler³

2007

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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Rousseau, G., Rioux, S. and Dostaler D. 2007. Effect of crop rotation and soil amendments on Sclerotinia stem rot on soybean in two soils. Can. J. Plant Sci. 87: 605-614. The effect of 4-yr soybean rotations with corn (CCCS vs. CCSS vs. SSSS) and soil amendments (urban compost vs. mineral fertilizer) on Sclerotinia stem rot of soybean (disease severity index, apothecia number, sclerotia survival), caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, was studied on two soils (clay loam and sandy loam) at SaintHyacinthe, in southwestern Québec, from 1999 to 2002. In 2002, the 3-yr-corn rotation had a significant effect on the disease severity index (DSI) at the clay loam site; DSI was greatly reduced by rotation (5.2%) compared with monoculture (44.3%). At the sandy loam site, an interaction between rotation and fertility amendments reduced DSI from 71.7% in the monoculture to 37.8% in the 3-yr-corn rotation amended with compost. Canonical redundancy analysis (RDA) of the DSI-apothecia matrix in 2002 confirmed the suppressiveness of the 3-yr-corn rotation and revealed a significant conducive effect on DSI of compost at the clay loam site. At the sandy loam site, RDA of the DSI-apothecia matrix confirmed suppressive interaction between corn-soybean rotations and compost amendment. , la rotation 3-ans-de-maïs a montré un effet significatif sur la gravité de la maladie (DSI: disease severity index) dans le site argileux. La gravité a été fortement réduite par la rotation (5,2 %) par rapport à la monoculture (44,3 %). Dans le site sableux, l'interaction de la rotation 3-ans-de-maïs et de l'amendement en compost a présenté un effet significatif sur la gravité qui a été réduite à 37,8 % dans la rotation 3-ans-de-maïs amendée en compost comparé à 71,7 % en monoculture. L'analyse canonique des redondances (ACR) sur la matrice DSI-Apothécies en 2002 a confirmé l'effet suppressif de la rotation et révélé un effet favorable significatif du compost dans le site argileux. Le DSI et les apothécies étaient associés au compost. Dans le site sableux, l'ACR sur la matrice DSI-Apothécies a confirmé l'effet suppressif de l'interaction. Seul le DSI était associé à la monoculture et à la fertilisation minérale, les apothécies n'étant corrélées à aucun traitement.

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Section: Effects and Contributions Of Rotation And Soil Amendments Onmentioning

confidence: 88%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of crop rotation and soil amendments on Sclerotinia stem rot on soybean in two soils

Rousseau¹,

Rioux²,

Dostaler³

2007

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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“…Data are means :t: SE of the mean from three replicate plots. 1 Sum of three replicate plots. *Chicken, solid cattle, and.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Arx & D. Olivier (3,8), Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) De Bary ( 1 ). and Phymatotrichum omnivorum (3,19).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of animal manures on verticillium wilt, potato scab, and soil microbial populations

Conn

Lazarovits

1999

Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology

107

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This study examined the effect of chicken, liquid swine, and solid cattle manures on verticillium wilt and potato scab incidence at two commercial farms near Alliston, Ontario. The manures (chicken, 66 tlha; swine, 55 hUha; cattle, 100 tlha) were spread in the spring of 1996 and incorporated with a Rototiller to a depth of 15 cm. Survival of Verticillium dahliae microsclerotia (MS) was determined by burying nylon mesh bags containing MS in the plots. After 4 weeks, the MS were plated on agar medium. Soil samples collected after incorporation of manures were brought back to the laboratory and used for concurrent laboratory experiments. Ten-gram amounts of soil were placed into test tubes, bags of MS buried in the soil, and survival measured under controlled conditions. Potatoes were planted in the field I month after amendment. Potatoes were planted in 1997 and 1998 without any further treatment. Verticillium wilt incidence was determined by isolation of V. dahliae from petioles. Scab incidence was determined from visual estimation of lesion coverage on tubers. Changes in soil chemistry, in soil microbiology, and in populations of plant pathogenic nematodes were also determined. Chicken manure reduced scab and wilt incidence and nematodes to near zero levels at both sites. Swine manure reduced scab incidence at both sites but reduced wilt and nematode populations at one site only. Cattle manure application caused a small reduction in wilt at one site. Disease incidence in the second crop was similar for all treatments except for swine manure at one site where a lower scab incidence was observed and chicken manure at both sites where wilt incidence remainded below that in untreated plots. Scab incidence in the third crop was reduced at one site treated with swine manure, but one of the chicken manure treated plots had a higher scab incidence than the untreated plot. The viability of MS was similar for identical treatments in the field and laboratory assay and predicted which treatments decreased verticillium wilt. Reductions in viability of MS were found to be manure and soil specific.Resume: La presente etude avait pour but d'examiner, sur deux fermes commerciales pres d'Alliston (Ontario), l'effet du fumier de poulet, du lisier de pore et du fumier de vache sur la verticilliose et sur la gale de la pomme de terre.Les fumures (poulet, 66 t/ha; pore, 55 hUha; vache, 1 ()() tlha) ont ete repandues au printemps de 1996 et incorporees a une profondeur de 15 cm a !'aide d'un motoculteur. La survie des microsclerotes (MS) du Verticillium dahliae a ete determinee en enterrant, dans les parcelles, des sacs de tulle de nylon contenant des MS. Apres 4 semaines, les MS furent placees sur un milieu gelose. En parallele, des echantillons de sol recoltes apres !'incorporation des fumures furent apportes au laboratoire pour d'autres experiences. Des sacs de MS furent enfouis dans des enchantillons de 10 g de sol en eprouvettes et la survie fut mesuree en conditions controlees. Des pommes de terre furent plantees dans le champ un...

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“…O estudo de fatores relacionados com o solo, tal como o efeito causado pela presença de plantas de cobertura em áreas infestadas pelo fungo, é relevante, uma vez que, aproximadamente, 90% do ciclo de vida ocorrem no solo (adams;ayErs, 1979;asirifi et al, 1994). Durante a decomposição essas plantas liberam, de maneira gradual, compostos que influenciam o desenvolvimento do patógeno.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Extratos de plantas de cobertura no desenvolvimento de Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

et al. 2012

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RESUMOExtratos vegetais podem interferir no ciclo de vida dos fitopatógenos por promover ou inibir o desenvolvimento. Com base nessa propriedade, este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de estudar o efeito dos extratos aquosos das plantas de cobertura crotalária (Crotalaria juncea), braquiária (Brachiaria ruziziensis), capim-mombaça (Panicum maximum cv. mombaça), milheto (Pennisetum glaucum), feijão-guandu-anão (Cajanus cajan) e estilosantes (Stylosanthes capitata x Stylosanthes macrocephala) sobre o crescimento micelial, germinação carpogênica e micelial dos escleródios e germinação dos ascósporos do fungo Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. As etapas do experimento foram desenvolvidas em casa de vegetação, câmaras de crescimento e laboratório. As concentrações dos extratos utilizadas foram de 1%, 5%, 10% e 25%. Para verificar a influência dos extratos sobre a germinação micelial e carpogênica dos escleródios, foi utilizada somente a concentração de 25%. Os resultados sobre o crescimento micelial mostraram que o extrato da planta de Stylosanthes sp. inibiu o desenvolvimento do patógeno apenas na concentração de 25%. Para a germinação micelial dos escleródios, verificou-se que os extratos induziram a germinação 12 horas após a instalação do experimento, exceto o Stylosanthes sp. Na germinação dos ascósporos, apenas o extrato de Stylosanthes sp. impediu a germinação. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Mofo branco, manejo cultural, ascósporos, escleródios, apotécios. ABSTRACT PLANT EXTRACTS OF COVER CROPS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SCLEROTINIA SCLEROTIORUM.Plant extracts may interfere with the life cycle of pathogens by promoting or inhibiting development. Based on this property, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of aqueous extracts of the cover plants crotalaria (Crotalaria juncea), brachiaria (Brachiaria ruziziensis), panicum maximum grass (Panicum maximum cv. mombaça), millet (Pennisetum glaucum), pigeon pea dwarf bean (Cajanus cajan.) and stylosanthes (Stylosanthes macrocephala x Stylosanthes capitata) on the mycelial growth, mycelial and carpogenic germination of sclerotia, and ascospore germination of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The stages of the experiment were carried out in a greenhouse, growth chambers and laboratory. The concentrations of the extracts used were 1%, 5%, 10% and 25%. To assess the influence of extracts on the mycelial and carpogenic germination of the sclerotia only the concentration of 25% was used. The results on the mycelial growth showed that the Stylosanthes sp. plant extract was effective for inhibiting the pathogen only at concentration of 25%. For mycelial germination of sclerotia, it was found that with the exception of Stylosanthes sp. the extracts induced germination 12 hours after the experiment. In regard to the germination of ascospores, only the extract from Stylosanthes sp. successfully prevented germination.KEY WORDS: White mold, cultural management, ascospores, sclerotia, apothecium.2 Universidade Federal do Piauí, Departamento de Fitotecnia, Bom Jesus, PI, Brasil. INTRODUÇÃONos últimos ano...

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Suppression of Sclerotinia soft rot of lettuce with organic soil amendments

Cited by 30 publications

References 9 publications

Effect of crop rotation and soil amendments on Sclerotinia stem rot on soybean in two soils

Effect of crop rotation and soil amendments on Sclerotinia stem rot on soybean in two soils

Impact of animal manures on verticillium wilt, potato scab, and soil microbial populations

Extratos de plantas de cobertura no desenvolvimento de Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

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