Suppressing near-receiver scattered waves from seismic land data

Abstract

When upcoming body waves travel through a heterogeneous near-surface region, the continuity of the wavefront can be diminished by scattering. We discuss a multichannel method to predict and subtract near-receiver scattered waves, such that the continuity and trace-to-trace coherency of wavefronts increases. We apply this method to a part from a field-data set which was acquired in an area with significant near-surface scattering. We show that the method increases trace-to-trace coherency in a reflection event. Moreover, application of our method improves the results obtained from application of a dip filter only, because we remove parts of the scattered wave with apparent velocities that are typically passed by the pass-zone of the dip filter.

Numerical modeling of elastic-wave scattering by near-surface heterogeneities

“…Direct surface-wave (Rayleigh-wave) scattering has been extensively studied in numerous previous studies (e.g., De Bremaecker, 1958;Knopoff and Gangi, 1960;Fuyuki and Matsumoto, 1980;Gélis et al, 2005). In exploration seismology, however, much less research has been done on the effects of near-surface heterogeneities on the upcoming reflections (Campman et al, 2005(Campman et al, , 2006Riyanti and Herman, 2005), especially in realistic cases of more complicated scatterers and background media. Therefore, the emphasis of this paper is more on the scattering of upcoming body waves.…”

“…Even though the finite-difference-injection method (Robertsson and Chapman, 2000) is more efficient, it cannot handle the interaction of the scattered wavefield with the free surface and bedrock layers (e.g., second-or high-order long-range interactions). Herman et al (2000) and Campman et al (2005Campman et al ( , 2006 image and suppress near-receiver scattered surface waves assuming that scattering takes place immediately under the receivers. Other methods based on solving integral equations using the method of moments can take into account multiple scattering and can handle strong contrast and large heterogeneities (Riyanti and Herman, 2005;Campman and Riyanti, 2007).…”

3D Seismic Survey Design, Second edition

“…Yet, the higher fold corresponding to the 200-m line intervals (Figure 3.22c) produces the best relative suppression of the apexes of the scattered events. Campman et al (2006) use wave theory to measure and predict scatterers. With single-sensor recording (Baeten et al, 2000), wide receiver lines can be recorded while postponing side-scatterer suppression to the processing stage.…”

“…Feathering would help obtain data that are more suitable for DMO at the expense of irregularities in sampling. Therefore, the DMO panels would have to be equalized (Beasley and Klotz, 1992;Canning and Gardner, 1992). In cross-spreads, it is unnecessary to equalize DMO panels (yet, see Section 9.5).…”

Imaging of near-surface heterogeneities by scattered elastic waves

“…These methods have difficulties when dealing with large and high-contrast heterogeneities that violate the Born approximation. Campman et al (2005Campman et al ( , 2006 use an inverse scattering approach based on an integral-equation formulation to image the near-surface heterogeneities, but they assume that scattering takes place immediately under the receivers. Other methods, based on solving integral equations using the method of moments, can handle strong contrast and large heterogeneities and can take into account multiple scattering (Riyanti and Herman, 2005;Campman and Riyanti, 2007).…”