Supporting Social Deliberative Skills Online: The Effects of Reflective Scaffolding Tools

Students Engaging in Multiple-Source Inquiry Tasks: Capturing Dimensions of Collaborative Online Inquiry and Social Deliberation

“…Similarly, collaborative prompts that provided opportunities to compose one’s individual thoughts about what was read or plans for how to proceed before talking with a partner, and then engaging in a process of sharing ideas and negotiating to gain consensus, promotes a natural process of self-regulation and social deliberation. These are crucial skills for developing the capacity to negotiate differences of opinion and diverse perspectives (Murray, 2013). Finally, some participants indicated that the structured collaborative prompts helped them better understand how to collaborate and take turns while sharing their thinking in a digital space.…”

“…Third, we assumed that social deliberation (Murray, 2013) plays a key role in students’ deep-level understanding of content. Social deliberation competencies involve processes that occur when working with a partner, such as discussing and comparing each other’s prior knowledge, asking each other questions about information they encounter, sharing judgments about the quality of information in relation to the task, and articulating concerns about using information to support an argument.…”

“…Social deliberation competencies involve processes that occur when working with a partner, such as discussing and comparing each other’s prior knowledge, asking each other questions about information they encounter, sharing judgments about the quality of information in relation to the task, and articulating concerns about using information to support an argument. When learners work together and encounter discrepant ideas or differences of opinion, social deliberation helps them build a shared knowledge representation of these differences while working toward a reasonable solution on which there is consensus (Fearon, 1998; Murray, 2013).…”

“…For this article, we report findings from phase one of a project that applied evidence-centered design principles (Mislevy, Steinberg, & Almond, 2003) to design an interactive task that would engage students in conducting collaborative online inquiry and deliberation. We adapted a single-user scenario-based task designed to measure individual cognitive performance during online inquiry (Coiro, Sparks, Kiili, & Castek, 2018) by incorporating additional targets associated with social deliberation (see Murray, 2013). This allowed us to capture evidence of cognitive and social dimensions of complex reasoning processes (see Schwarz & Asterhan, 2010) in a single assessment.…”

Nudge for Deliberativeness: How Interface Features Influence Online Discourse

“…The closest to our attempt comes from Murray et al [27], who examined the role that design can play in facilitating what they called "social deliberative skills"-a term they use to indicate the capacity to deal productively with heterogeneous goals and values encountered during a collective decision-making scenario. The authors identified five key varieties of social deliberative skills: social perspective taking, meta-dialogue, social inquiry, systemsthinking (complexity thinking), and self-reflection.…”