“…However these specifications suffer from lack of analytical capabilities [73]. To bridge this gap, various tools for formal specification of business processes and services have been utilized including petri nets [19,41,66], regular tree grammar [49], metagraphs [2], ontological specifications and semantic annotations [8,12,29,31,33,36,41], Kleen algebra [18], first order logic [73,91], PI Calculus [58], finite state machine [62], alloy [11], prolog [10,48] and process algebra [83].…”