Supported palladium catalysts for fine chemicals synthesis

Blaser, Hans‐Ulrich; Indolese, Adriano F.; Schnyder, Anita; Steiner, Heinz; Studer, Martin

doi:10.1016/s1381-1169(01)00143-1

Cited by 308 publications

(204 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Palladium is of common use also in the petrochemical industry 5 and for the large scale production of fine chemicals. 6 Focusing on the three-way catalyst, sulfur-containing compounds can lead to catalyst poisoning since they are omnipresent in the fuel feedstocks, i.e., crude oil. 7 Once the fuel is burned, atomic sulfur or SO x (x = 1-4) are formed and can attach to the catalyst palladium phase, thus leading to the poisoning of the catalyst, reducing its lifetime and effectiveness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of the sulfur oxidation on palladium: A combined in situ x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and density-functional study

Gotterbarm

Luckas

Höfert

et al. 2012

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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We studied the reaction kinetics of sulfur oxidation on the Pd(100) surface by in situ high resolution x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and ab initio density functional calculations. Isothermal oxidation experiments were performed between 400 and 500 K for small amounts (∼0.02 ML) of preadsorbed sulfur, with oxygen in large excess. The main stable reaction intermediate found on the surface is SO 4 , with SO 2 and SO 3 being only present in minor amounts. Density-functional calculations depict a reaction energy profile, which explains the sequential formation of SO 2 , SO 3 , and eventually SO 4 , also highlighting that the in-plane formation of SO from S and O adatoms is the rate limiting step. From the experiments we determined the activation energy of the rate limiting step to be 85 ± 6 kJ mol −1 by Arrhenius analysis, matching the calculated endothermicity of the SO formation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of the sulfur oxidation on palladium: A combined in situ x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and density-functional study

Gotterbarm

Luckas

Höfert

et al. 2012

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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“…Pd-based materials are well known highly active catalysts for a wide r ange of heterogeneous reactions from fine chemical synthesis (Blaser et al, 2001) to partial or full oxidation reactions (Ciuparu et al, 2002;Centi and Mol., 2001;Gelin and Primet, 2002). Partial reduction of the Pd containing catalyst for a proper duration of time significantly enhances the oxidation activity of the catalyst due to The catalyst was applied on Rd cars and the amount of emission was measured with vehicle emission test systems (AVL) at Sapco company and compared by imported catalyst of Iran Khodro.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of perovskite catalysts on ceramic monoliths with nanoparticles for dual fuel system automobiles

Khanfekr

Arzani

Nemati

et al. 2008

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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AB STRACT: (Lanthanum, Cerium)(Iron, Manganese, Cobalt, Palladium)(Oxygen) 3 -Perovskite catalyst was prepared by the citrate route and deposited on ceramic monoliths via dip coating procedure. The catalyst was applied on a car with XU7 motors and the amount of emission was monitored with vehicle emission test systems in Sapco company. The results were compared with the imported catalyst with noble metals such as palladium, platinum and rhodium by Iran Khodro company based on the Euro III standards. The catalysts were characterized by specific surface area measurements, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, line scan and map. In the results, obtained in the home made sample, the amount of carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons were lower than imported catalyst with Iran Khodro company with nobel metals. The illustration shows nano particles size on coat. The microstructure evaluation showed that the improved properties can be related to the existence of nano particles on coating.

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“…2 mmol/g). Impregnation of these materials with Pd(OAc) 2 gives catalysts with a clear activity in the oxidative alkenylation (entry 6, 7). Moreover split tests and AAS did suggest less extensive leaching of Pd(OAc) 2 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The suspension of the support and calculated amount of Pd(OAc) 2 were shaken for one hour in 50 ml of toluene (99.99%, Fisher) with the addition of 100 µl of bidistilled water. The impregnated supports were carefully dried in rotary evaporator at 333 K under a vacuum of 10 kPa.…”

Section: Catalyst Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heterogeneous alkenylation of aromatics under oxygen

Hájek¹,

Dams²,

Detrembleur³

et al. 2007

Catalysis Communications

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A novel heterogeneous Pd/polymer catalyst containing co-catalytic functional groups catalyses the direct alkenylation of anisole with ethyl trans-cinnamate under oxygen. The properties of the polymeric catalyst were compared to other immobilised catalysts. The activity of the polymeric catalyst typically increased with temperature and oxygen pressure exhibiting the optimal activity up to 100 TON at 383 K under 1. 2 MPa of O 2 . The most abundant product was 3-(p-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropanoate (≈45%). The reaction selectivity was practically independent of the conditions. Split-tests and AAS measurements confirm heterogeneous character of the catalyst.

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Supported palladium catalysts for fine chemicals synthesis

Cited by 308 publications

References 75 publications

Kinetics of the sulfur oxidation on palladium: A combined in situ x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and density-functional study

Kinetics of the sulfur oxidation on palladium: A combined in situ x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and density-functional study

Production of perovskite catalysts on ceramic monoliths with nanoparticles for dual fuel system automobiles

Heterogeneous alkenylation of aromatics under oxygen

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