Support exchanges between adult children and their parents across life transitions

Min, Joohong; Johnson, Matthew D.; Anderson, Jared R.; Yurkiw, Jennifer

doi:10.1111/jomf.12787

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…These delays result from rising costs of independent living, stagnation of wages, and decreasing employment opportunities for young adults (Fry, 2017; J. Lee et al, 2020; Min et al, 2022). Consequently, today’s emerging adults have become more economically and socially dependent on their parents than in past generations (Fingerman, 2017).…”

Section: Intergenerational Solidaritymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Changes in relationships following life transitions have been observed. For instance, after marrying or partnering, adult children tend to receive less emotional support from their parents, particularly from their mothers, and also provide less emotional support to their parents (Min et al, 2022). When adult children become parents themselves, they are less likely to provide emotional and instrumental support to their parents (Min et al, 2022).…”

Section: Intergenerational Solidaritymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, after marrying or partnering, adult children tend to receive less emotional support from their parents, particularly from their mothers, and also provide less emotional support to their parents (Min et al, 2022). When adult children become parents themselves, they are less likely to provide emotional and instrumental support to their parents (Min et al, 2022). Such evidence suggests how intergenerational solidarity is reshaped with opportunities and challenges occurring in early adulthood.…”

Section: Intergenerational Solidaritymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intergenerational solidarity of adult children with parents from emerging to established adulthood.

Hwang¹,

Kim²,

Brown³

et al. 2023

Journal of Family Psychology

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Although researchers have focused on adult children’s intergenerational solidarity with their parents following the transition to adulthood, less is known about continuity and change in the multiple dimensions of solidarity as children transition from emerging to established adulthood. Therefore, we focused on reciprocal longitudinal associations between dimensions of latent forms of solidarity (normative and affectual solidarity) and manifest forms of solidarity (associational and functional solidarity) as reported by young adults at three stages from emerging to established adulthood. Data were derived from young adult children participating in the Longitudinal Study of Generations who reported about 260 daughter–mother, 214 son–mother, 244 daughter–father, and 205 son–father relationships in 2000 (18–29 years old), 2005 (23–34 years old), and 2016 (34–45 years old). Multigroup autoregressive cross-lagged models prospectively predicted reciprocal influences among the dimensions of solidarity across four parent–child gender groups. Results showed that young adults’ perceived intergenerational solidarity with parents was stable across three-time points. In addition, young adults’ perceived associational solidarity with parents in emerging adulthood (2000 survey) predicted functional solidarity with parents (receiving support from parents and providing support to parents) in intermediate young adulthood (2005 survey), and in established adulthood (2016 survey). However, parents’ and children’s gender differences were not identified in the above associations. The study concludes that frequent contact with parents in emerging adulthood is a key factor in establishing intergenerational solidarity with parents from early-to-middle stage of adulthood regardless of parents’ and children’s gender.

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Section: Intergenerational Solidaritymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Intergenerational Solidaritymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Intergenerational Solidaritymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Intergenerational solidarity of adult children with parents from emerging to established adulthood.

Hwang¹,

Kim²,

Brown³

et al. 2023

Journal of Family Psychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Older respondents have to look back further in time when answering questions about their childhood, which could result in biased reports as experiences that occurred later in life might influence the evaluation of the past (de Vries & de Graaf, 2008 ; Karney & Coombs, 2000 ). Finally, we include some characteristics of the greater family network, which, in line with the linked live perspective, have been shown to affect the parent–child relationship, such as the anchor’s life course stages of being partnered and having children (Kalmijn, 2007 , 2015b ; Min et al, 2022 ; Ward et al, 2014 ), and whether the mother had a new cohabiting relationship (King, 2006 ).…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disentangling the Long-term Effects of Divorce Circumstances on Father–Child Closeness in Adulthood: A Mediation Analysis

2022

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Many studies have shown that the relationship between nonresidential fathers and their children in youth has a lasting influence on their relationship in adulthood. Comparatively less is known about the process through which divorce affects father–child relationships. We assess if and how the divorce circumstances of interparental conflict, the presence of new partners, and geographical distance between parents affect nonresidential father–child closeness in adulthood. Using a path model, we test whether father–adult child closeness is mediated by fathers’ involvement after divorce. The results of this study demonstrate that the level of interparental conflict and the presence of a fathers’ new partner after the divorce negatively affect the closeness between fathers and children in adulthood. Our mediation analysis demonstrates that both the effects of interparental conflict and new partnerships on closeness are partially mediated by father involvement and contact frequency during childhood. In other words, it is partly through the negative effect that interparental conflict and new partners have on fathers’ involvement that fathers and children become less close later in life. Our study highlights the importance of disentangling the effects of different factors associated with divorce when examining nonresidential father–child relationships.

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“…We consider the effects of parents' SES in combination with the role of children's life courses. Several studies in the past have shown that parental support for children changes across the life course (Brandt et al, 2008; Bucx et al, 2012; Kalmijn, 2019; Min et al, 2022; Nazio & Saraceno, 2013; Silverstein et al, 2002). Support tends to decline as children age, but on top of aging effects, there are significant effects of marriage, parenthood, and divorce.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Parents' socioeconomic status and support to adult children across the life course

Kalmijn

2023

J of Marriage and Family

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ObjectiveThis paper examines how parents' socioeconomic status (SES) affects the support parents give to children and how parents' SES moderates changes in support across children's life courses.BackgroundMany studies have documented effects of parents' SES on support to adult children, as well as effects of children's life course stages on received support, but few studies have examined how these two factors interact. A dynamic perspective on the social stratification of support can provide new clues about how parents transmit advantages across generations.MethodUsing prospective panel data on 10,822 parent–child dyads in the Netherlands from 2003 to 2015 and random and fixed effects models, this paper examines life course changes in the financial, practical, and informational support adult children (aged 18–59) receive from parents.ResultsPositive effects of parents' SES were found on informational and financial support, but there were no main effects on practical support. Informational support declined with age but later in higher‐SES families. Support declined after union formation and similarly for higher‐ and lower‐SES families. The increase in practical support when children became parents and single parents was stronger in higher‐SES families than in lower‐SES families. Stratification of financial support was stronger in early adulthood and increased again later in children's lives.ConclusionThere was evidence for a prolonged support pattern among higher‐SES families, combined with stronger effects of children's parenthood transitions in such families. Parents' SES affects support streams to adult children, but effects depend on the type of support and children's stage in the life course.

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Support exchanges between adult children and their parents across life transitions

Cited by 13 publications

References 63 publications

Intergenerational solidarity of adult children with parents from emerging to established adulthood.

Intergenerational solidarity of adult children with parents from emerging to established adulthood.

Disentangling the Long-term Effects of Divorce Circumstances on Father–Child Closeness in Adulthood: A Mediation Analysis

Parents' socioeconomic status and support to adult children across the life course

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