“…In human echocardiography, the estimation of global cardiac function obtained by echocardiography has been validated by other methods, such as LV angiography 10,20,21 or gated single photon emission computed tomography. 20,[22][23][24][25] Recently, there has been successful measurement of LV volume in mice using a miniaturized conductance catheter, 26,27 gated magnetic resonance imaging, 28,29 biplane LV angiography 30 and radionuclide ventriculography, 31 the last method being used in murine hearts with an occluded left anterior descending artery. Although each of these techniques provided excellent accuracy, they are still not widely available and are technically demanding.…”