Assessment of Left Ventricular Systolic Function Using Contrast Two-Dimensional Echocardiography With a High-Frequency Transducer in the Awake Murine Model of Myocardial Infarction.

Suehiro, Kotaro; Takuma, Shin; Shimizu, Juichiro; Hozumi, Takeshi; Yano, Hideaki; Cardinale, Carol; DiTullio, Marco R.; Wang, Jie; Smith, Craig R.; Burkhoff, Daniel; Homma, Shunichi

doi:10.1253/jcj.65.979

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In the present study, contrast echocardiography using Levovist ® showed the LV cavity and blood inflow to the deep intertrabecular recesses so clearly that the extent of the trabecular meshwork was obvious (Fig 2). 14,15 The autopsy of the present case confirmed that the location and size of the prominent trabeculations and deep intertrabecular recesses of the posterior and lateral walls corresponded to the echocardiographic findings. However, it was difficult to detect the trabeculations in the anterior wall by echocardiography, because of the poor resolution of the near field.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Isolated Noncompaction of the Left Ventricular Myocardium in an Elderly Patient

Sakuma

Hayashi

Kamishirado

et al. 2004

Circ J

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Noncompaction of the ventricular myocardium (NVM) is a rare disorder of endomyocardial morphogenesis characterized by numerous, prominent trabeculations and deep intertrabecular recesses. It is commonly associated with congenital heart disease, but the isolated form (INVM) is not associated with other structural heart diseases. Clinical reports of INVM have been limited to a few case reports and small series of pediatric patients. INVM is considered to be a form of congenital abnormal endomyocardial morphogenesis caused by abnormal cessation of the embryonic development of the ventricular myocardium; most reported cases have been pediatric patients, and autopsy cases of elderly patients have been quite rare. In the present case, an elderly female had INVM associated with severely disturbed left ventricular (LV) function and an enlarged left ventricle similar to dilated cardiomyopathy. The echocardiogram showed prominent trabeculations and deep intertrabecular recesses of the LV walls, especially in the posterior and apical areas. LV contrast echocardiography revealed markedly protruberant trabeculations, which were also observed with computed tomography. Five years later, the patient died of refractory heart failure and ventricular fibrillation. The autopsy revealed numerous excessively prominent trabeculations in the LV myocardium, with deep intertrabecular recesses containing thrombi. (Circ J 2004; 68: 964 -967)

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Isolated Noncompaction of the Left Ventricular Myocardium in an Elderly Patient

Sakuma

Hayashi

Kamishirado

et al. 2004

Circ J

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“…However, the standard deviations of FS (6%) and cardiac fibrosis (11%) measured 2 weeks after the Paigen diet intervention seem large compared with those from reports using the ligation model. Previous reports found SDs of FS of 2.4% [45] and 5.5% [46], and SD of cardiac fibrosis of approximately 5–10% [47]. The relatively low reproducibility and the wide variations of measures of cardiac function and fibrosis are probably caused by the presence of multiple coronary lesions that occlude coronary arteries at various positions determined by chance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Establishment of a Novel Murine Model of Ischemic Cardiomyopathy with Multiple Diffuse Coronary Lesions

et al. 2013

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ObjectivesAtherosclerotic lesions of the coronary arteries are the pathological basis for myocardial infarction and ischemic cardiomyopathy. Progression of heart failure after myocardial infarction is associated with cardiac remodeling, which has been studied by means of coronary ligation in mice. However, this ligation model requires excellent techniques. Recently, a new murine model, HypoE mouse was reported to exhibit atherogenic Paigen diet-induced coronary atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction; however, the HypoE mice died too early to make possible investigation of cardiac remodeling. Therefore, we aimed to modify the HypoE mouse model to establish a novel model for ischemic cardiomyopathy caused by atherosclerotic lesions, which the ligation model does not exhibit.Methods and ResultsIn our study, the sustained Paigen diet for the HypoE mice was shortened to 7 or 10 days, allowing the mice to survive longer. The 7-day Paigen diet intervention starting when the mice were 8 weeks old was adequate to permit the mice to survive myocardial infarction. Our murine model, called the “modified HypoE mouse”, was maintained until 8 weeks, with a median survival period of 36 days, after the dietary intervention (male, n = 222). Echocardiography demonstrated that the fractional shortening 2 weeks after the Paigen diet (n = 14) significantly decreased compared with that just before the Paigen diet (n = 6) (31.4±11.9% vs. 54.4±2.6%, respectively, P<0.01). Coronary angiography revealed multiple diffuse lesions. Cardiac remodeling and fibrosis were identified by serial analyses of cardiac morphological features and mRNA expression levels in tissue factors such as MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, collagen-1, and TGF-β.ConclusionModified HypoE mice are a suitable model for ischemic cardiomyopathy with multiple diffuse lesions and may be considered as a novel and convenient model for investigations of cardiac remodeling on a highly atherogenic background.

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“…To improve opacification of the chamber for better identification of the endocardium, Suehiro et al (19,20) used a contrast agent, which improved their image quality significantly and allowed more segments to be scored. ScherrerCrosbie et al (15) successfully applied the three-dimensional echocardiographic reconstruction technique to assess LV volumes, function, and the extent of wall motion abnormalities in a murine model of MI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the wall motion score index (WMSI) (16,17), based on a 16-segment model, and the myocardial performance index (MPI) (6,22) have been validated in humans after MI, these indexes have not been used in mice. There have been only a few previous reports analyzing segmental wall motion abnormalities in murine infarction models (15,19,20). In the mouse, image interpretation is challenging because of its small size and fast heart rate.…”

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confidence: 99%

Validation of the wall motion score and myocardial performance indexes as novel techniques to assess cardiac function in mice after myocardial infarction

Zhang

Takagawa

Sievers

et al. 2007

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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. Validation of the wall motion score and myocardial performance indexes as novel techniques to assess cardiac function in mice after myocardial infarction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 292: H1187-H1192, 2007. First published October 20, 2006; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00895.2006.-The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility and accuracy of wall motion score index (WMSI) and myocardial performance index (MPI) for measuring regional and global left ventricular (LV) function with use of high-resolution echocardiography after myocardial infarction (MI) in mice. In 48 mice, myocardial infarction was induced by ligation in the middle of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Echocardiography was performed under anesthesia at baseline and 1 mo after MI. WMSI was analyzed by a 16-segment model on short-axis views, and wall motion was scored as 1 for normal, 2 for hypokinetic, 3 for akinetic, 4 for dyskinetic, and 5 for aneurysmal. WMSI was calculated as the sum of scores divided by the total number of segments. MPI was calculated on the basis of isovolumetric contraction time (IVCT), isovolumetric relaxation time (IVRT), and ejection time (ET): MPI ϭ (IVCT ϩ IVRT)/ET. We measured LV ejection fraction (LVEF), end-systolic and end-diastolic volumes (ESV and EDV), fractional shortening (FS), and infarct size (IS). LVEF at 4 wk after MI was reduced at 32.8 Ϯ 9.0%. Linear correlation analyses showed that WMSI (1.6 Ϯ 0.3) correlated with LVEF (r ϭ Ϫ0.84, P Ͻ 0.0005), FS (r ϭ Ϫ0.43, P ϭ 0.003), and IS (34.3 Ϯ 15.3%, r ϭ 0.86, P Ͻ 0.0005). MPI (0.67 Ϯ 0.09) correlated with LVEF (r ϭ Ϫ0.67, P Ͻ 0.0005) and IS (r ϭ 0.72, P Ͻ 0.0005). MPI also correlated with mitral inflow velocity (r ϭ Ϫ0.68, P Ͻ 0.0005) and deceleration time (r ϭ Ϫ0.42, P ϭ 0.003). Stepwise regression analysis revealed that WMSI was independently associated with IS. IS, FS, mitral inflow velocity, and deceleration time were independent determinants of MPI. In conclusion, echocardiographic assessments of WMSI and MPI in mice are feasible and correlate strongly with two-dimensional measurement of LV function and IS. These novel parameters provide additional noninvasive assessment of regional and global LV function in mice after MI. experimental myocardial infarction; echocardiography; infarct size EXPERIMENTAL MODELS of myocardial infarction (MI) in mice are increasingly important for testing novel therapies for tissue repair, such as gene transfer and stem cell delivery, because of the availability of genetically marked and functionally transgenic strains commonly used in the study of the cardiovascular system. Researchers have applied echocardiographic assessment of global left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (LVEF), fractional shortening (FS), LV dimensions, and mass to assess the process of remodeling after surgically induced infarction in murine models (1,8,14). Although the wall motion score index (WMSI) (16, 17), based on a 16-segment model, and the myocardial performance index (MPI) (6, 22) have been validated in humans after MI, these i...

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Assessment of Left Ventricular Systolic Function Using Contrast Two-Dimensional Echocardiography With a High-Frequency Transducer in the Awake Murine Model of Myocardial Infarction.

Cited by 10 publications

References 30 publications

Isolated Noncompaction of the Left Ventricular Myocardium in an Elderly Patient

Isolated Noncompaction of the Left Ventricular Myocardium in an Elderly Patient

Establishment of a Novel Murine Model of Ischemic Cardiomyopathy with Multiple Diffuse Coronary Lesions

Validation of the wall motion score and myocardial performance indexes as novel techniques to assess cardiac function in mice after myocardial infarction

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