Superintensive bio-floc production technologies for marine shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei: technical challenges and opportunities

Browdy, Craig L.; Venero, Jesus A.; Stokes, A. D.; Leffler, John W.

doi:10.1533/9781845696474.6.1010

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Superintensive stocking reduces habitat destruction by limiting land use and increases economic competitiveness through higher yields per crop cycle [6][7][8]. Furthermore, the use of greenhouseenclosed raceway ponds allow U.S. aquaculturists to overcome climate disadvantages by maintaining necessarily warm water temperatures as well as reduce disease initiated from external sources [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These types of aquaculture systems are dependent on a dense microbial community to maintain water quality by coupling removal of excess feed and toxic chemicals from the water with production of biomass that can be used as a supplemental nutritional source for shrimp. This microbial community resides primarily on suspended ''biofloc'' particles comprised of shrimp feed, fecal matter, and detritus [8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correction: Evaluation of Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Health during a Superintensive Aquaculture Growout Using NMR-Based Metabolomics

Schock¹,

Duke²,

Goodson³

et al. 2013

PLoS ONE

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Success of the shrimp aquaculture industry requires technological advances that increase production and environmental sustainability. Indoor, superintensive, aquaculture systems are being developed that permit year-round production of farmed shrimp at high densities. These systems are intended to overcome problems of disease susceptibility and of water quality issues from waste products, by operating as essentially closed systems that promote beneficial microbial communities (biofloc). The resulting biofloc can assimilate and detoxify wastes, may provide nutrition for the farmed organisms resulting in improved growth, and may aid in reducing disease initiated from external sources. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomic techniques were used to assess shrimp health during a full growout cycle from the nursery phase through harvest in a minimal-exchange, superintensive, biofloc system. Aberrant shrimp metabolomes were detected from a spike in total ammonia nitrogen in the nursery, from a reduced feeding period that was a consequence of surface scum build-up in the raceway, and from the stocking transition from the nursery to the growout raceway. The biochemical changes in the shrimp that were induced by the stressors were essential for survival and included nitrogen detoxification and energy conservation mechanisms. Inosine and trehalose may be general biomarkers of stress in Litopenaeus vannamei. This study demonstrates one aspect of the practicality of using NMR-based metabolomics to enhance the aquaculture industry by providing physiological insight into common environmental stresses that may limit growth or better explain reduced survival and production.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correction: Evaluation of Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Health during a Superintensive Aquaculture Growout Using NMR-Based Metabolomics

Schock¹,

Duke²,

Goodson³

et al. 2013

PLoS ONE

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“…The aquaculture production of this species almost doubled during the past decade, reaching a global production of 5.4 million tons and an economic value of 32.1 billion dollars in 2019 [ 1 ]. Biofloc technology (BFT) should be one of the most important technical innovations that contributes to the sustainable development of shrimp aquaculture in the past decade [ 2 , 3 , 4 ]. At present, increasing research on BFT is still widely carried out to improve its practical application in intensive aquaculture of P. vannamei worldwide [ 4 , 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Input C/N Ratio on Bacterial Community of Water Biofloc and Shrimp Gut in a Commercial Zero-Exchange System with Intensive Production of Penaeus vannamei

Wang

et al. 2022

Microorganisms

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Although increasing attention has been attracted to the study and application of biofloc technology (BFT) in aquaculture, few details have been reported about the bacterial community of biofloc and its manipulation strategy for commercial shrimp production. An 8-week trial was conducted to investigate the effects of three input C/N ratios (8:1, 12:1 and 16:1) on the bacterial community of water biofloc and shrimp gut in a commercial BFT tank system with intensive aquaculture of P. vannamei. Each C/N ratio group had three randomly assigned replicate tanks (culture water volume of 30 m3), and each tank was stocked with juvenile shrimp at a density of 300 shrimp m−3. The tank systems were operated with zero-water exchange, pH maintenance and biofloc control. During the trial, the microbial biomass and bacterial density of water biofloc showed similar variation trends, with no significant difference under respective biofloc control measures for the three C/N ratio groups. Significant changes were found in the alpha diversity, composition and relative abundance of bacterial communities across the stages of the trial, and they showed differences in water biofloc and shrimp gut among the three C/N ratio groups. Meanwhile, high similarity could be found in the composition of the bacterial community between water biofloc and shrimp gut. Additionally, nitrogen dynamics in culture water showed some differences while shrimp performance showed no significant difference among the three C/N ratio groups. Together, these results confirm that the manipulation of input C/N ratio could affect the bacterial community of both water biofloc and shrimp gut in the environment of a commercial BFT system with intensive production of P. vannamei. Moreover, there should be different operations for the nitrogen dynamics and biofloc management during shrimp production process under different C/N ratios.

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“…Net yield of marketsize channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) as high as 9.3 kg/m 3 has been reported for BFT production [3]. In addition to channel catfish, the BFT production system is used to grow the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) [4] and [5] and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) [2] and [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Stocking Large Channel Catfish in a Biofloc Technology Production System on Production and Incidence of Common Microbial Off-Flavor Compounds

Schrader¹

2015

J Aquac Res Development

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Density-dependent production and incidence of common microbial off-flavors caused by geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol were investigated in an outdoor biofloc technology production system stocked with stockersize (217 g/fish) channel catfish at 1.4, 2.1, or 2.8 kg/m 3. Individual weight at harvest ranged from 658-829 g/fish and was inversely related to stocking density. Net fish yield ranged from 3.8-5.4 kg/m 3 , and increased linearly as stocking density increased. The percentage of sub-marketable fish (<0.57 kg/fish) increased linearly with increasing stocking rate. Mean total feed consumption increased linearly with stocking density, but feed consumed per fish was inversely related to stocking density. Feed conversion ratio did not differ significantly among treatments. Concentrations of geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol in biofloc water were low throughout the study. All sampled fillets contained low concentrations of geosmin and 2-methylisobornel, but these fillets likely would not be deemed as having objectionable "earthy" or "musty" off-flavors when evaluated by trained processing plant flavor testers because of the low concentrations present. Data from this study combined with data from our two previous studies provide strong evidence that the incidence of geosmin-and 2-methylisoborneol-related off-flavor episodes is low in the BFT production system.

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Superintensive bio-floc production technologies for marine shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei: technical challenges and opportunities

Cited by 9 publications

References 20 publications

Correction: Evaluation of Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Health during a Superintensive Aquaculture Growout Using NMR-Based Metabolomics

Correction: Evaluation of Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Health during a Superintensive Aquaculture Growout Using NMR-Based Metabolomics

Effect of Input C/N Ratio on Bacterial Community of Water Biofloc and Shrimp Gut in a Commercial Zero-Exchange System with Intensive Production of Penaeus vannamei

Effect of Stocking Large Channel Catfish in a Biofloc Technology Production System on Production and Incidence of Common Microbial Off-Flavor Compounds

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