Superhydrophobic conducting polymers with switchable water and oil repellency by voltage and ion exchange

Taleb, Sabri; Darmanin, Thierry; Guittard, Frédéric

doi:10.1039/c3ra44960b

Cited by 24 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The material wettability originates smart water repulsion/attraction or self‐cleaning surfaces, and so on ,…”

Section: Composition‐dependent Properties and Devices: Replicating Bimentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and Conformational Chemistry from Electrochemical Molecular Machines. Replicating Biological Functions. A Review

Otero

2017

The Chemical Record

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Each constitutive chain of a conducting polymer electrode acts as a reversible multi-step electrochemical molecular motor: reversible reactions drive reversible conformational movements of the chain. The reaction-driven cooperative actuation of those molecular machines generates, or destroys, inside the film the free volume required to lodge/expel balancing counterions and solvent: reactions drive reversible film volume variations, which basic structural components are here identified and quantified from electrochemical responses. The content of the reactive dense gel (chemical molecular machines, ions and water) mimics that of the intracellular matrix in living functional cells. Reaction-driven properties (composition-dependent properties) and devices replicate biological functions and organs. An emerging technological world of soft, wet, reaction-driven, multifunctional and biomimetic devices and the concomitant zoomorphic or anthropomorphic robots is presented.

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“…The material wettability originates smart water repulsion/attraction or self‐cleaning surfaces, and so on ,…”

Section: Composition‐dependent Properties and Devices: Replicating Bimentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and Conformational Chemistry from Electrochemical Molecular Machines. Replicating Biological Functions. A Review

Otero

2017

The Chemical Record

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“…Surprisingly, using 25 mol% of EDOT-Py + , the surface could switch from superhydrophobic to hydrophilic by reduction (dedoping using a different voltage) and again superhydrophobic properties by ions exchange with hydrophobic bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (Tf 2 N − ) ions while the superoleophobic properties remained unchanged. Hence, it was possible to obtain both superoleophobic and hydrophilic properties, which is extremely rare in the literature [105]. Moreover, superoleophobic properties were also prepared with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxypyrrole) PEDOP copolymers with ion exchange functional groups and fluorinated chains [106].…”

Section: Dual Sensitivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Switchable and Reversible Superhydrophobic Surfaces: Part Two

Taleb¹,

Darmanin²,

Guittard³

2018

Interdisciplinary Expansions in Engineering and Design With the Power of Biomimicry

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In this book chapter, most of the methods used in the literature to prepare switchable and reversible superhydrophobic surfaces are described. Inspired by Nature, it is possible to induce the Cassie-Baxter-Wenzel transition using different external stimuli such as light, temperature, pH, ion exchange, voltage, magnetic field, mechanic stress, plasma, ultrasonication, solvent, gas or guest. Such properties are extremely important for various applications but especially for controllable oil/water separation membranes, oil-absorbing materials, and water harvesting systems.Keywords: superhydrophobic, reversible, switchable, bioinspiration, biomimetism Reversible superhydrophobic surfaces: Part twoThis section provides continuation of the description of the stimuli used in the literature to induce reversible changes in surface wettability. Ion exchangeSince 2004, the researchers have shown that the presence of charged species such as quaternary ammonium groups are sensitive to ion exchange and lead to different surface wettabilities. In 2004, Choi et al. prepared self-assembled monolayers (SAM) with imidazolium groups on smooth Au and Si/SiO 2 substrates [1][2][3]. They studied the effect of a series of anions as shown in Figure 1 and In order to elaborate reversible superhydrophobic properties by ion exchange, gold micro and nanostructured substrates were performed by electroless etching process by immersing silicon substrates in aqueous solution of HAuCl 4 and HF (Figure 2). The surface was then modified by SAM using a thiol terminated by a quaternary ammonium. Then, the surface wettability could be reversely changed from superhydrophilic to superhydrophobic after [20]. Here, the presence of TSPM (sol-gel precursor) was used not only to form a polymer network via intramolecular interactions but also to anchor substrates (Figure 3). The membranes could reversely change from superhydrophobic/highly oleophobic to superhydrophilic/superoleophobic after exchanging Cl − ions by heptadecafluorooctanesulfonic acid (C 8 F 17 SO 3 − or HPS − ) ions. Moreover, the membranes were also highly efficient filter medium for removing multiple contaminants such as SO 2 form waster gas streams. A nother strategy was to deposit polyelectrolyte multilayers poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA) and poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS) on gold micro and nanostructured substrates [21]. The authors studied the influence of the exchanged ions and the highest properties were obtained by exchanging Cl − (θ w < 5°) ions by PFO − (θ w = 164°). The authors also deposited polyelectrolyte multilayers on micro and nanostructured aluminum substrates obtained by etching in HCl and immersion in boiling water [22,23]. Using PFO − ions, the substrates were superhydrophobic and superoleophobic. When the substrates were immersed in seawater, the PFO − ions were exchanged by hydrophilic Cl − or SO 4 2− making the substrates underwater superoleophobic. Magnetic fieldEnvironment protection against oil leakage during oil tankers sinking is ...

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“…A TraceDec capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detector (Innovative Sensor Technologies GmbH, Innsbruck, Austria) was used for sC 4 D measurements. A Knauer K120 pump (Knauer, Berlin, Germany) was used for performing all monolith ushing/equilibration steps and during the acquisition of sC 4 D proles.…”

Section: Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specically, pH and redox switching of CPs can be accompanied by dramatic changes in properties such as the hydrophobicity and ionexchange capacity. 3,4 Among conducting polymers, polyaniline (PANI) in particular has been studied extensively and been successfully applied in many areas including the development of stimuli-responsive controlled drug release systems 5 and sensors. 6,7 The stimuli-responsive nature of PANI has also found application in separation science.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The surface coverage of PANI was visualised by FE-SEM. sC 4 D was used to non-invasively determine the distribution of PANI along the surface. The switching of PANI from its neutral emeraldine base to charged salt was also indirectly visualised using sC 4 D. Ion-exchange properties of these stationary phases were also demonstrated, illustrating the potential of these materials as chromatographic stationary phases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development and characterisation of switchable polyaniline-functionalised flow-through capillary monoliths

et al. 2014

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Polymer monoliths were prepared in capillary format (250 mm i.d.) and used as solid supports for the immobilisation of the conducting polymer polyaniline (PANI). The immobilisation of PANI was confirmed on the large macro-porous structure of a polystyrene-divinylbenzene (PS-co-DVB) monolith. The surface coverage of polyaniline was characterised by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and by capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (C 4 D), which was operated in scanning mode to non-invasively visualise the axial distribution of the immobilised PANI and to provide information on its doping state. To further demonstrate the successful functionalisation of the monoliths, the PANI-functionalised monoliths were demonstrated as switchable, weak anion-exchange stationary phases as confirmed by studying the retention of iodide using a perchlorate eluent.

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Superhydrophobic conducting polymers with switchable water and oil repellency by voltage and ion exchange

Cited by 24 publications

References 39 publications

Structural and Conformational Chemistry from Electrochemical Molecular Machines. Replicating Biological Functions. A Review

Structural and Conformational Chemistry from Electrochemical Molecular Machines. Replicating Biological Functions. A Review

Switchable and Reversible Superhydrophobic Surfaces: Part Two

Development and characterisation of switchable polyaniline-functionalised flow-through capillary monoliths

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