Superheated Water Chromatography of Low Molecular Weight Polyethylene Glycols with Ultraviolet Detection

Yarita, Takashi; Nakajima, Ryoji; Shimada, Kayori; Kinugasa, Shinichi; Shibukawa, Masami

doi:10.2116/analsci.21.1001

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Ecologically friendly materials need to be used in all aspects of science and technology; separation science is no exception. Instead of organic solvents, water at high-temperatures, even in the supercritical state, has been used as the chromatographic mobile phase. − Under such conditions, water becomes capable of dissolving normally water-insoluble organic molecules; thus, the consumption of organic solvents can be reduced. Ionic liquids have also received much attention as ecologically friendly substitutes for organic solvents, − albeit their applications in separation have been limited to gas chromatography 18,19 and solvent extraction. − Ecologically adaptable liquids which are potentially applicable to various liquid-phase separations have, thus, been extensively investigated .…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Instead of organic solvents, water at high-temperatures, even in the supercritical state, has been used as the chromatographic mobile phase. [14][15][16][17] Under such conditions, water becomes capable of dissolving normally water-insoluble organic molecules; thus, the consumption of organic solvents can be reduced. Ionic liquids have also received much attention as ecologically friendly substitutes for organic solvents, [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] separation have been limited to gas chromatography 18,19 and solvent extraction.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Ice Chromatography. Characterization of Water−Ice as a Chromatographic Stationary Phase

Tasaki

Okada

2006

Anal. Chem.

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Water-ice has been characterized as a stationary phase for liquid chromatography. Solutes having two or more polar groups are retained on this stationary phase with THF/hexane as the mobile phase, suggesting that multipoint interactions are required for measurable solute retention. Chromatographic separation of phenols or crown ethers on water-ice is possible. The ice surface is expected to provide two different adsorption sites coming from the OH and O dangling bonds. Although the solute partition into the quasiliquid layer is also considered, the dependence of the retention times on the THF concentration implies that the interaction of solutes with the water-ice surface rather than the partition into the quasiliquid layer is responsible for solute retention. A retention model suggests that the number of adsorption sites for a crown ether depends on its ring size, whereas two sites are involved for the retention of phenols having two hydroxyl groups. Although hydroxyl groups can act as both a hydrogen bond donor and an acceptor, the interaction with the ice OH sites, which are exposed to the surroundings in comparison with the ice O sites, is more important. However, when an acyclic polyether is added to the mobile phase, its adsorption onto the water ice surface allows the creation of the O sites that phenols can approach without steric hindrance. In the presence of the polyethers adsorbed on the ice surface, the retention of phenols is enhanced, whereas crown ethers become less retained due to the competitive adsorption of the polyethers.

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Ice Chromatography. Characterization of Water−Ice as a Chromatographic Stationary Phase

Tasaki

Okada

2006

Anal. Chem.

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“…Although pure water does not absorb UV down to 190 nm (e.g. Smith and Burgess, 1997; Yarita and others, 2005), various types of water absorb germicidal radiation. The water thicknesses (depth) that attenuate germicidal radiation by one-tenth (10%) are 0.53 m for tap water and 0.54 m for seawater (Yamanaka and others, 2003).…”

Section: Study Area and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation of melted snow and ice samples: inactivation of microorganisms and effects on insoluble microparticles

Nakazawa

Goto‐Azuma

2021

J. Glaciol.

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The long-term refrigerated storage of melted snow and/or ice samples for analyses of insoluble microparticles (hereafter, microparticles) may be limited by increases in the biological particle concentration caused by microbial growth after ~1–2 weeks. In this study, we examined an ultraviolet (UV) disinfection method for the storage of melted snow and/or ice samples and determined the effects of this method on microparticles. Surface snow obtained from Glacier No. 31 in the Suntar-Khayata Range, eastern Siberia, Russia was divided into two portions for UV treatment and untreated controls. Microparticle concentrations and size distributions (in the range of 0.52–12.0 μm) in the samples were measured using a Coulter counter. Whereas the microparticle concentration in untreated samples increased, no obvious increase was observed over 53 d in the samples subjected to UV treatment. Microbial growth was detected in only untreated samples using a viable particle counter. In addition, the original microparticle concentrations and size distributions were unaffected by UV treatment. Our results demonstrated that the microparticle size distribution in untreated melted water samples reflects the growth, decomposition and succession of microorganisms over time and further indicate that UV irradiation is effective for long-term storage for microparticle analysis.

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“…In particular, universal detection of organic compounds was carried out with flame ionization detection 16,17 or UV detection at a low wavelength of 190 nm. 18 Moreover, increasing the column temperature can potentially improve the separation efficiency. 19 The viscosity of the water mobile phase and the back pressure of the chromatographic system decrease at high temperatures, so a high flow rate can be achieved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the retention of the solutes decreased with elution time. We have suggested that this decrease is due to the cleavage of octadecylsilyl groups from the silica gel, because the carbon content of the ODS decreased from 21.7 to 18.7% during 169 h of SWC operation at 100 C. 24 Although the poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) stationary phase was very stable in superheated water, 18,24 it had higher retention capacities and provided poorer peak resolution in comparison with ODS. To overcome the thermal instability of ODS, a zirconia-based stationary phase intended for use in RP-HPLC has been investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Separation of Parabens on a Zirconia-Based Stationary Phase in Superheated Water Chromatography

et al. 2013

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Superheated Water Chromatography of Low Molecular Weight Polyethylene Glycols with Ultraviolet Detection

Cited by 16 publications

References 15 publications

Ice Chromatography. Characterization of Water−Ice as a Chromatographic Stationary Phase

Ice Chromatography. Characterization of Water−Ice as a Chromatographic Stationary Phase

Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation of melted snow and ice samples: inactivation of microorganisms and effects on insoluble microparticles

Separation of Parabens on a Zirconia-Based Stationary Phase in Superheated Water Chromatography

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