Superfluid Dynamics in Neutron Star Crusts: The Iordanskii Force and Chemical Gauge Covariance

Gavassino, Lorenzo; Antonelli, Marco; Haskell, B.

doi:10.3390/universe7020028

Cited by 15 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 58 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Note that we have not included the, somewhat contentious, Iordanskii force here, seeGavassino et al (2021) for a recent discussion of this aspect.26 In this section we use tildes to indicate duals, rather than the notation. This is simply to avoid cluttering up expressions that already have both sub-and superscripts.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Relativistic fluid dynamics: physics for many different scales

Andersson

Comer

2021

Living Rev Relativ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The relativistic fluid is a highly successful model used to describe the dynamics of many-particle systems moving at high velocities and/or in strong gravity. It takes as input physics from microscopic scales and yields as output predictions of bulk, macroscopic motion. By inverting the process—e.g., drawing on astrophysical observations—an understanding of relativistic features can lead to insight into physics on the microscopic scale. Relativistic fluids have been used to model systems as “small” as colliding heavy ions in laboratory experiments, and as large as the Universe itself, with “intermediate” sized objects like neutron stars being considered along the way. The purpose of this review is to discuss the mathematical and theoretical physics underpinnings of the relativistic (multi-) fluid model. We focus on the variational principle approach championed by Brandon Carter and collaborators, in which a crucial element is to distinguish the momenta that are conjugate to the particle number density currents. This approach differs from the “standard” text-book derivation of the equations of motion from the divergence of the stress-energy tensor in that one explicitly obtains the relativistic Euler equation as an “integrability” condition on the relativistic vorticity. We discuss the conservation laws and the equations of motion in detail, and provide a number of (in our opinion) interesting and relevant applications of the general theory. The formalism provides a foundation for complex models, e.g., including electromagnetism, superfluidity and elasticity—all of which are relevant for state of the art neutron-star modelling.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Relativistic fluid dynamics: physics for many different scales

Andersson

Comer

2021

Living Rev Relativ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As expected, it is infinitely slow (duration ≥ × N → +∞ ), so we have rediscovered the well-established fact that adiabatic transfers of energy-momentum (i.e. infinitely slow processes in which p = W ) are reversible (see [24], section 6, for another example). Note also that the reversibility of this transformation has been justified using only condition (i), namely the second law of thermodynamics; no other property of the entropy has been invoked.…”

Section: Infinite Infinitesimal Kicksmentioning

confidence: 69%

Proving the Lorentz Invariance of the Entropy and the Covariance of Thermodynamics

Gavassino

2021

Found Phys

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The standard argument for the Lorentz invariance of the thermodynamic entropy in equilibrium is based on the assumption that it is possible to perform an adiabatic transformation whose only outcome is to accelerate a macroscopic body, keeping its rest mass unchanged. The validity of this assumption constitutes the very foundation of relativistic thermodynamics and needs to be tested in greater detail. We show that, indeed, such a transformation is always possible, at least in principle. The only two assumptions invoked in the proof are that there is at least one inertial reference frame in which the second law of thermodynamics is valid and that the microscopic theory describing the internal dynamics of the body is a field theory, with Lorentz invariant Lagrangian density. The proof makes no reference to the connection between entropy and probabilities and is valid both within classical and quantum physics. To avoid any risk of circular reasoning, we do not postulate that the laws of thermodynamics are the same in every reference frame, but we obtain this fact as a direct consequence of the Lorentz invariance of the entropy.

show abstract

“…We can now obtain the entrainment coefficients (indicated with a hat) of the two-component model from the matrix ( 14) arising from our dissipative three-current model. We only need to plug ( 20) into (76), using the constraint (72) to get rid of z ν as a degree of freedom:…”

Section: B Entrainment Coefficients Of the Non-dissipative Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To show this more explicitly, we consider the stressenergy tensor in the Landau representation (39). The last term in the right-hand side can be rewritten using the local thermodynamic equilibrium condition (72) as…”

Section: B Entrainment Coefficients Of the Non-dissipative Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where f ρ u ρ = 0. We recognize the first equation as the mutual friction equation [20,23,35,71,72], the second as the energy-momentum conservation and the third as the dynamical equation for the heat flux and the viscous stress. Since the degrees of freedom of the theory are 12, and we have 5 field equations from the conservation laws, we need other 7 independent inputs to close the system.…”

Section: B Macroscopic Superfluid Vorticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Extending Israel and Stewart hydrodynamics to relativistic superfluids via Carter's multifluid approach

Gavassino,

Antonelli,

Haskell

2021

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We construct a relativistic model for bulk viscosity and heat conduction in a superfluid. Building on the principles of Unified Extended Irreversible Thermodynamics, the model is derived from Carter's multifluid approach for a theory with three currents, where the quasi-particle current is an independent hydrodynamic degree of freedom. For small deviations from local thermodynamic equilibrium, the model reduces to an extension of the Israel-Stewart theory to superfluid systems. It can, therefore, be made hyperbolic, causal and stable if the microscopic input is accurate. The non-dissipative limit of the model is the relativistic two-fluid model of Carter, Khalatnikov and Gusakov. The Newtonian limit of the model is an Extended-Irreversible-Thermodynamic extension of Landau's two-fluid model. The model predicts the existence of four bulk viscosity coefficients and accounts for their microscopic origin, providing their exact formulas in terms of the quasi-particle creation rate. Furthermore, when fast oscillations of small amplitude around the equilibrium are considered, the relaxation-time term in the telegraph-type equations for the bulk viscosities accounts directly for their expected dependence on the frequency.

show abstract

Superfluid Dynamics in Neutron Star Crusts: The Iordanskii Force and Chemical Gauge Covariance

Cited by 15 publications

References 58 publications

Relativistic fluid dynamics: physics for many different scales

Relativistic fluid dynamics: physics for many different scales

Proving the Lorentz Invariance of the Entropy and the Covariance of Thermodynamics

Extending Israel and Stewart hydrodynamics to relativistic superfluids via Carter's multifluid approach

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About