Supercritical water oxidation of acetic acid by potassium permanganate

Chang, Keng-Chen; Li, Lixiong; Gloyna, Earnest F.

doi:10.1016/0304-3894(93)85063-k

Cited by 39 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In the preliminary stage, when a large amount of KMnO 4 is mixed with graphite under neutral conditions, it acts as a 'weak oxidizing agent' due to the much lower positive potential of KMnO 4 in a neutral medium than that in an acidic medium. 31,32 During the slow oxidation process, oxygen-containing groups would attach themselves spontaneously on the graphite sheets.…”

Section: Proposed Reaction Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

MnO2 decorated graphene nanoribbons with superior permittivity and excellent microwave shielding properties

Gupta

Singh

Singh³

et al. 2014

J. Mater. Chem. A

222

106

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Microwave shielding properties of chemically synthesized MnO 2 decorated graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) are reported for the first time. The nature of MnO 2 decoration on the GNRs has been investigated using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and high resolution transmission electron microscopy. The electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness of this material was investigated in the microwave region . The presence of MnO 2 on GNR enhances the interfacial polarization, multiple scattering, natural resonances and the effective anisotropy energy, which leads to absorption dominated high shielding effectiveness of À57 dB (blocking >99.9999% radiation) by a 3 mm thick sample. Dielectric attributes (3 0 and 3 00 ) were evaluated to understand the mechanism of the excellent shielding effectiveness. The material will be an excellent choice for radar absorbing applications.

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Section: Proposed Reaction Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

MnO2 decorated graphene nanoribbons with superior permittivity and excellent microwave shielding properties

Gupta

Singh

Singh³

et al. 2014

J. Mater. Chem. A

222

106

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“…Kodra and Balakatoiah (1992) recently modeled this type of deep-well reactor. Air or 0, are the most common oxidants used in SCWO, but H,O,, KMnO,, Cu-H202, Fe-H,O,, and MnS0,-H,O, mixtures have also been explored as potential oxidants (Lee and Gloyna, 1992;Lee et al, 1990;Shanableh and Gloyna, 1991;Chang et al, 1993). Although these alternative oxidants are more costly than 0, or air, they may facilitate oxidation at lower temperatures, which could offset these higher costs.…”

Section: Oxidation Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactions at supercritical conditions: Applications and fundamentals

et al. 1995

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“…Studies with respect to the efficiency of the different oxidants like air, O 2 , H 2 O 2 , KMnO 4 , KMnO 4 + O 2 are described in [15]. The global kinetic data were complemented by modeling the kinetics with elementary reaction pathways [17,18] adapting free radical mechanisms to SCWO conditions.…”

Section: Randd Basismentioning

confidence: 99%

Supercritical Water Oxidation: State of the Art

Schmieder¹,

Abeln²

1999

Chem. Eng. Technol.

127

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The oxidation of harmful organic compounds contained in aqueous waste effluents known as super critical water oxidation, SCWO, has been worked out since the 1980s. This highly efficient end of the pipe process operates at pressures and temperatures above 221 bar and 374 C, the critical point of water. R&D experience and the technological state including economical and regulatory aspects are reviewed and further R&D needs are discussed in this article. Future applications are also seen in coupling supercritical CO 2 extraction with oxidation to treat contaminated materials and in supercritical water gasification, SCWG, to convert biomass and organic wastes to hydrogen.

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Supercritical water oxidation of acetic acid by potassium permanganate

Cited by 39 publications

References 17 publications

MnO2 decorated graphene nanoribbons with superior permittivity and excellent microwave shielding properties

MnO2 decorated graphene nanoribbons with superior permittivity and excellent microwave shielding properties

Reactions at supercritical conditions: Applications and fundamentals

Supercritical Water Oxidation: State of the Art

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