Supercritical Impregnation of Active Components into Polymers for Food Packaging Applications

Mir, Shabir Ahmad; Shah, Manzoor Ahmad; Dar, B.N.; Wani, Ali Abas; Ganai, Shaiq Ahmad; Nishad, Jyoti

doi:10.1007/s11947-017-1937-9

Cited by 26 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…At a pressure of 400 bar, a significant reduction in %Xc is observed as a result of the reorganization of the PP polymer chains caused by the CO2 sorption at which point CO2-polymer interactions take place [77]. Moreover, PP chain mobility is favoured in the presence of the extract since the use of co-solvent has been reported to enhance the swelling effect in polymers [21,78] and a decrease in the crystallinity with the incorporation of other compounds has also been reported in PP [79] and other polymers [80][81][82]. Since the amorphous regions are increased, mass transfer is favoured [54] thereby increasing the level of impregnation.…”

Section: Differential Scanning Calorimetrymentioning

confidence: 97%

Effect of supercritical CO2 and olive leaf extract on the structural, thermal and mechanical properties of an impregnated food packaging film

Cejudo-Bastante

Cran

Casas

et al. 2019

The Journal of Supercritical Fluids

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Poly(ethylene terephthalate)/polypropylene (PET/PP) films containing olive leaf extract (OLE) were obtained by supercritical solvent impregnation (SSI) in batch (BM) and semi-continuous (SM) modes.The study focused on the impact of pressure, temperature, CO2 flow and OLE on the properties of the impregnated films. Thermal analysis of non-impregnated samples revealed a decrease in the crystallinity of PP layer treated at 35 ºC and an increase in the Tg of PET treated at 55 ºC due to CO2 sorption. In impregnated samples, high pressures caused a decrease in the crystallinity of PP layer, whereas PET layer remained unaffected. Higher pressures favour impregnation in BM, whereas different trends were found for SM impregnations. Although the film properties were not compromised after impregnation, the CO2 stream used in SM slightly weakened the impregnated films. Overall, conditions of 400 bar and 35ºC in BM were favorable for producing highly antioxidant films with minor structural modifications.

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Section: Differential Scanning Calorimetrymentioning

confidence: 97%

Effect of supercritical CO2 and olive leaf extract on the structural, thermal and mechanical properties of an impregnated food packaging film

Cejudo-Bastante

Cran

Casas

et al. 2019

The Journal of Supercritical Fluids

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“…The most common techniques to load polymeric matrices with natural extracts are casting [27][28][29][30], extrusion [31,32], and supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO 2 ) impregnation [33,34]. The advantage of using scCO 2 impregnation compared to the more conventional processes is that it does not require high temperatures or organic solvents, which could promote extract degradation or require a solvent removal step, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supercritical CO2 Impregnation of Clove Extract in Polycarbonate: Effects of Operational Conditions on the Loading and Composition

et al. 2022

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The development of active packaging for food storage containers is possible through impregnation of natural extracts by supercritical CO2-assisted impregnation processes. The challenge of scCO2-impregnation of natural extracts is to control the total loading and to ensure that the composition of the loaded extract may preserve the properties of the crude extract. This study aimed at investigating the scCO2-impregnation of clove extract (CE) in polycarbonate (PC) to develop antibacterial packaging. A design of experiments was applied to evaluate the influences of temperature (35–60 °C) and pressure (10–30 MPa) on the clove loading (CL%) and on the composition of the loaded extract. The CL% ranged from 6.8 to 18.5%, and the highest CL% was reached at 60 °C and 10 MPa. The composition of the impregnated extract was dependent on the impregnation conditions, and it differed from the crude extract, being richer in eugenol (81.31–86.28% compared to 70.06 in the crude extract). Differential scanning calorimetry showed a high plasticizing effect of CE on PC, and high CL% led to the cracking of the PC surface. Due to the high loading of eugenol, which is responsible for the antibacterial properties of the CE, the impregnated PC is promising for producing antibacterial food containers.

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“…This might have an influence on both the packed food and the material itself (aging resistance). Nonetheless, this second aspect is most often missed in the literature, and aging studies are rarely performed [ 2 , 12 , 45 , 47 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Aging Resistance and Antimicrobial Properties of Ethylene–Norbornene Copolymer and Poly(Lactic Acid) Impregnated with Phytochemicals Embodied in Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) and Clove (Syzygium aromaticum)

Masek

Cichosz

Piotrowska³

2021

IJMS

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The effects of plant-based extracts on the solar aging and antimicrobial properties of impregnated ethylene–norbornene (EN) copolymer and poly(lactic acid) (PLA) were investigated. In this study, the impregnation yield of polyolefin, lacking in active centers capable of phytochemical bonding, and polyester, abundant in active sides, was measured. Moreover, two different extracts plentiful in phytochemicals—thyme (TE) and clove (CE)—were employed in the solvent-based impregnation process. The effect of thymol and eugenol, the two main compounds embodied in the extracts, was studied as well. Interestingly, oxidation induction times (OIT) for the impregnation of EN with thyme and clove extracts were established to be, respectively, 27.7 and 39.02 min, which are higher than for thymol (18.4 min) and eugenol (21.1 min). Therefore, an aging experiment, mimicking the full spectrum of sunlight, was carried out to investigate the resistance to common radiation of materials impregnated with antioxidative substances. As expected, the experiment revealed that the natural extracts increased the shelf-life of the polymer matrix by inhibiting the degradation processes. The aging resistance was assessed based on detected changes in the materials’ behavior and structure that were examined with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, contact angle measurements, color quantification, tensile tests, and hardness investigation. Such broad results of solar aging regarding materials impregnated with thyme and clove extracts have not been reported to date. Moreover, CE was found to be the most effective modifying agent for enabling material with antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli to be obtained.

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Supercritical Impregnation of Active Components into Polymers for Food Packaging Applications

Cited by 26 publications

References 17 publications

Effect of supercritical CO2 and olive leaf extract on the structural, thermal and mechanical properties of an impregnated food packaging film

Effect of supercritical CO2 and olive leaf extract on the structural, thermal and mechanical properties of an impregnated food packaging film

Supercritical CO2 Impregnation of Clove Extract in Polycarbonate: Effects of Operational Conditions on the Loading and Composition

Comparison of Aging Resistance and Antimicrobial Properties of Ethylene–Norbornene Copolymer and Poly(Lactic Acid) Impregnated with Phytochemicals Embodied in Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) and Clove (Syzygium aromaticum)

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