Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Environmental Analytes Using Trifluoromethane

Howard, Angela L.; Yoo, Wesley J.; Taylor, Larry T.; Schweighardt, F.K.; Emery, A.P.; Chesler, S. N.; MacCrehan, William A.

doi:10.1093/chromsci/31.10.401

Cited by 26 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…When carbon dioxide is not feasible, alternative extracting fluids become necessary. Howard et al demonstrated the use of Freons as extracting fluids for environmental samples (366). Results matched those obtained for Soxhlet when chlorodifluoromethane extracted three-and four-ring PAHs from montmorillonite clay.…”

Section: Supercritical Fluid Extractionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Supercritical Fluid Chromatography and Extraction

1996

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Section: Supercritical Fluid Extractionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Supercritical Fluid Chromatography and Extraction

1996

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“…In addition to carbon dioxide, some supercritical fluorocarbons, such as hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) have been studied recently as solvents used in SFE and supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC). [5][6][7][8] These alternative refrigerants were synthesized to substitute the ozone-depleting chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) refrigerants. Recently researchers employed R134a directly or employed it as a modifier of supercritical fluid carbon dioxide (SFCO 2 ) in SFC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solubility Measurements of Surfactants and Dissolution of Cytochrome c in 1,1,1,2‐Tetrafluoroethane Modified with Organic Solvents

2007

J Chinese Chemical Soc

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The solubilities of four surfactants, sodium bis-2-ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate (AOT), cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, didodecyldimethylammonium bromide, and n-dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride in liquid refrigerant 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a) modified with methanol, ethanol, and 2-propanol were measured. The measurements were performed under 25 and 50 bar at 25°C. The solubility of AOT was as high as 92 mM in R134a with addition of 2% ethanol. Cytochrome c molecules were then verified to be soluble in the AOT-containing and ethanol-modified R134a solution. Accordingly, liquid R134a is suggested as a potential extraction solvent for hydrophilic compounds.

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“…Trifluoromethane (CHF 3 , HFC-23), widely used for dielectric film etching, fire extinguishment agents to replace Halon 1301 and CFC replacements for refrigeration, is the simplest PFC. Furthermore, CHF 3 was also evaluated as a supercritical fluid extractant . The various applications of CHF 3 made it interesting to understand the reaction mechanisms in the RF plasma system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reaction Mechanisms in Both a CHF₃/O₂/Ar and CHF₃/H₂/Ar Radio Frequency Plasma Environment

Wang

Lee

Chen

et al. 1999

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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A radio frequency (RF) plasma system used to decompose trifluoromethane (CHF 3 or HFC-23) is demonstrated. The CHF 3 decomposition fractions (η CHF 3 ) and mole fractions of detected products in the effluent gas streams of CHF 3 /O 2 /Ar and CHF 3 /H 2 /Ar plasma systems, respectively, have been determined. The effects of four experimental parameters, input power, O 2 /CHF 3 or H 2 / CHF 3 ratio, operational pressure, and the CHF 3 feeding concentration were investigated. The same species detected in the effluent gas streams of both CHF 3 /O 2 /Ar and CHF 3 /H 2 /Ar plasma systems were CH 2 F 2 , CF 4 , HF, and SiF 4 . However, the CO 2 and COF 2 were detected only in the CHF 3 /O 2 /Ar plasma system and the CH 4 , C 2 H 2 , and CH 3 F were detected only in the CHF 3 /H 2 / Ar plasma system. The results of a model sensitivity analysis showed that the input power was the most influential parameter for η CHF 3 both in the CHF 3 /O 2 /Ar and CHF 3 /H 2 /Ar plasma systems. Furthermore, the possible reaction pathways were built up and elucidated in this study. The addition of hydrogen for CHF 3 decomposition can produce a significant amount of HF and the main carbonaceous byproducts were CH 4 and C 2 H 2 . Even though the η CHF 3 in the CHF 3 /H 2 /Ar plasma system is lower than that in the CHF 3 /O 2 /Ar plasma system, but due to the more advantages mentioned above, a hydrogen-based RF plasma system is a better alternative to decompose CHF 3 .

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Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Environmental Analytes Using Trifluoromethane

Cited by 26 publications

References 0 publications

Supercritical Fluid Chromatography and Extraction

Supercritical Fluid Chromatography and Extraction

Solubility Measurements of Surfactants and Dissolution of Cytochrome c in 1,1,1,2‐Tetrafluoroethane Modified with Organic Solvents

Reaction Mechanisms in Both a CHF₃/O₂/Ar and CHF₃/H₂/Ar Radio Frequency Plasma Environment

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Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Environmental Analytes Using Trifluoromethane

Cited by 26 publications

References 0 publications

Supercritical Fluid Chromatography and Extraction

Supercritical Fluid Chromatography and Extraction

Solubility Measurements of Surfactants and Dissolution of Cytochrome c in 1,1,1,2‐Tetrafluoroethane Modified with Organic Solvents

Reaction Mechanisms in Both a CHF3/O2/Ar and CHF3/H2/Ar Radio Frequency Plasma Environment

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Reaction Mechanisms in Both a CHF₃/O₂/Ar and CHF₃/H₂/Ar Radio Frequency Plasma Environment