Supercritical CO2 Plant Extracts Show Antifungal Activities against Crop-Borne Fungi

Schoss, Katja; Glavač, Nina Kočevar; Koce, Jasna Dolenc; Anžlovar, Sabina

doi:10.3390/molecules27031132

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…A lipophilic chamomile flower extract obtained by supercritical CO 2 extraction inhibited the growth of different crop-borne fungi by 80–100% [ 84 ]. Roby et al compared the antibacterial potential of different chamomile flower extracts.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical Characterization of Chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) Roots and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant and Antibacterial Potential

et al. 2022

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Matricaria recutita L., German chamomile, is one of the most widely used medicinal plants, whose efficacy has been proven in numerous studies. However, its roots have attracted only little interest so far, since mainly above-ground plant parts are used for medicinal purposes. To broaden the knowledge of chamomile roots, a profound phytochemical characterization was performed along with a bioactivity screening of corresponding root extracts. While volatile constituents such as chamomillol and polyynes were detected using GC-MS, HPLC-MSn analyses revealed the occurrence of four coumarin glycosides, more than ten phenolic acid esters and five glyceroglycolipids. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of the extracts was evaluated. Polar extracts revealed IC50 values ranging from 13 to 57 µg/mL in the DPPH radical scavenging assay, which is in the same range as reported for chamomile flower extracts. In addition, superoxide radical scavenging potential and mild antibacterial effects against S. aureus und B. subtilis were demonstrated. Moreover, to assess interspecies variation in chamomile roots, extracts of M. recutita were compared to those of M. discoidea DC. Interestingly, the latter revealed stronger antioxidant activity. The presented results aim at the valorization of chamomile roots, previously discarded as by-product of chamomile flower production, as a sustainable source of bioactive phytochemicals.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical Characterization of Chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) Roots and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant and Antibacterial Potential

et al. 2022

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“…Regarding phytopathogens, Schoss et al [ 54 ] performed a supercritical fluid extraction of flowers using CO 2 , finding that the extract inhibited the growth of Fusarium poae (Peck) Wollenw. and Botrytis cinerea Pers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical Profiling of Sambucus nigra L. Flower and Leaf Extracts and Their Antimicrobial Potential against Almond Tree Pathogens

Sánchez-Hernández

Balduque-Gil

García

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Despite extensive research on the chemical composition of elderberries and their numerous uses in pharmaceutical, beverage, and food production, there is still a lack of knowledge about Sambucus nigra leaves and flowers’ antimicrobial activity against plant pathogens. In this study, the phytoconstituents of their aqueous ammonia extracts were first characterized by infrared spectroscopy and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The major phytocompounds identified in the flower extract were octyl 2-methylpropanoate; 3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-2,3-dihydropyran-4-one; propyl malonic acid; adenine; and 1-methyl-2-piperidinemethanol. Concerning the leaf extract, 1,6-anhydro-β-D-glucopyranose; oleic acid; 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole; 2,3-dihydro-benzofuran; and 4-((1E)-3-hydroxy-1-propenyl)-2-methoxyphenol and other phenol derivatives were the main constituents. The potential of the extracts to act as bioprotectants was then investigated against three almond tree pathogens: Diaporthe amygdali, Phytophthora megasperma, and Verticillium dahliae. In vitro tests showed higher activity of the flower extract, with EC90 values in the 241–984 μg·mL−1 range (depending on the pathogen) vs. 354–1322 μg·mL−1 for the leaf extract. In addition, the flower extract led to full protection against P. megasperma at a dose of 1875 μg·mL−1 in ex situ tests on artificially-infected excised almond stems. These inhibitory concentrations were lower than those of commercial fungicides. These findings suggest that S. nigra aerial organs may be susceptible to valorization as an alternative to synthetic fungicides for the protection of this important crop.

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“…Cone extracts, spent hops or cone essential oil were already identified as being active against other field or storage fungi, with activity close to the one observed on V. inaequalis. Cone extracts were successful in inhibiting mycelial growth or spore germination of various fungi such as Fusarium spp , Botrytis cinerea, Epicoccum nigrum, Alternaria alternata, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Zymoseptoria tritici , with inhibition ranging from 20% to 85% [ 22 , 27 , 42 , 43 ]. Cone essential oil also appeared to be active on Z. tritici and F. graminearum growth, with IC 50 of 360 mg·L −1 and EC 50 of 7 mg·g −1 , respectively [ 22 , 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifungal Activity of Hop Leaf Extracts and Xanthohumol on Two Strains of Venturia inaequalis with Different Sensitivities to Triazoles

et al. 2023

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Hop cones are well-known for their antimicrobial properties, attributed to their specialized metabolites. Thus, this study aimed to determine the in vitro antifungal activity of different hop parts, including by-products such as leaves and stems, and some metabolites against Venturia inaequalis, the causal agent of apple scab. For each plant part, two types of extracts, a crude hydro-ethanolic extract and a dichloromethane sub-extract, were tested on spore germination of two strains with different sensitivities to triazole fungicides. Both extracts of cones, leaves and stems were able to inhibit the two strains, whereas rhizomes did not show activity. The apolar sub-extract of leaves appeared as the most active modality tested with half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of 5 and 10.5 mg·L−1 on the sensitive strain and the strain with reduced sensitivity, respectively. Differences in activity level between strains were noticed for all active modalities tested. Sub-extracts of leaves were then separated into seven fractions by preparative HPLC and tested on V. inaequalis. One fraction, containing xanthohumol, was especially active on both strains. This prenylated chalcone was then purified by preparative HPLC and showed significant activity against both strains, with IC50 of 1.6 and 5.1 mg·L−1. Therefore, xanthohumol seems to be a promising compound to control V. inaequalis.

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Supercritical CO2 Plant Extracts Show Antifungal Activities against Crop-Borne Fungi

Cited by 15 publications

References 48 publications

Phytochemical Characterization of Chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) Roots and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant and Antibacterial Potential

Phytochemical Characterization of Chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) Roots and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant and Antibacterial Potential

Phytochemical Profiling of Sambucus nigra L. Flower and Leaf Extracts and Their Antimicrobial Potential against Almond Tree Pathogens

Antifungal Activity of Hop Leaf Extracts and Xanthohumol on Two Strains of Venturia inaequalis with Different Sensitivities to Triazoles

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