Supercritical carbon dioxide cycles for power generation: A review

Crespi, Francesco; Gavagnin, Giacomo; Sánchez, David; Martínez, Gonzalo Serrano

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.02.048

Cited by 523 publications

(155 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…As for the low temperature recuperation process, hot flow is precompressed before entering the LTR to abate the heat capacity mismatch. The addition of a precompressor frees the turbine exhaust sCO 2 pressure from critical pressure, potentially changing the specific work …”

Section: Power Cycles Based On Sco2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of supercritical CO₂power cycles integrated with CSP

Yin

Zheng²,

Peng

et al. 2019

Int J Energy Res

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Summary Increasing demand of electricity and severer concerns to environment call for green energy sources as well as efficient energy conversion systems. SCO2 power cycles integrated with concentrating solar power (CSP) are capable of enhancing the competitiveness of thermal solar electricity. This article makes a comprehensive review of supercritical CO2 power cycles integrated with CSP. A detailed comparison of four typical CSP technologies is conducted, and the cost challenge of currently CSP technologies is pointed out. The thermophysical properties of sCO2 and the corresponding two real gas effects are analyzed elaborately to express the features of sCO2 power cycles. An extensive review of sCO2 layouts relevant for CSP including 12 single layouts and 1 combined layout is implemented logically. Strengths and weaknesses of sCO2 power cycles over traditional steam‐Rankine cycle generally adopted in current CSP plants are concluded, followed by metal material degration summary in CSP relevant temperature sCO2 environment, which shows that the nickel‐based alloy is a proper structural material candidate for sCO2‐CSP integration. Thermodynamic analyses of sCO2 power cycles when integrated with CSP are divided into three level of which design‐point analysis and off‐design modeling are conducted and compared, more researches into the off‐design point analysis, dynamic modeling, especially the transient behavior are suggested. Economic analysis of the integrated system is concluded and presents a considerable levelized cost of electricity reduction of 15.6% to 67.7% compared to that of state of art CSP. Taking the thermodynamic and economic analysis into consideration, target designs of sCO2 power cycles for CSP are summarized in three aspects. Finally, current theoretical and experimental researches of sCO2 power cycles integrated with CSP for market penetration are introduced. The strengths, weaknesses, and potential solutions to the gaps of three potential pathways (molten salt pathway, particle pathway, and gas phase pathway) to realize the integration of sCO2 power cycles in the next CSP generation plants up to 700°C are reviewed. In general, the integration of sCO2 power cycles with CSP technologies exhibits promising expectations for facilitating the competitiveness of thermal solar electricity.

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Section: Power Cycles Based On Sco2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of supercritical CO₂power cycles integrated with CSP

Yin

Zheng²,

Peng

et al. 2019

Int J Energy Res

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show abstract

“…It was first patented by Sulzer and improved by Feher and Angelino . However, the research did not progress much in the late 1960s because of the lack of highly compact heat exchangers and improvements in the open‐cycle combustion turbines . Since the early 21st century, the research was revived and suggested by Dostal et al for application in the next generation reactor for high‐temperature operations, as the S‐CO 2 power cycle demonstrated higher efficiency than both the superheated steam Rankine cycle in TITs over 470°C and the supercritical steam over 550°C .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 However, the research did not progress much in the late 1960s because of the lack of highly compact heat exchangers and improvements in the open-cycle combustion turbines. 15 Since the early 21st century, the research was revived and suggested by Dostal et al for application in the next generation reactor for high-temperature operations, as the S-CO 2 power cycle demonstrated higher efficiency than both the superheated steam Rankine cycle in TITs over 470°C and the supercritical steam over 550°C. 16,17 To further improve the cycle performance, the following investigations were conducted by the researchers: (a) comparing cycle layouts, such as the recompression cycle, the intercooling cycle, and the precompression cycle 10,18 ; (b) adopting the combined cycle and increase the bottom cycle, such as the Rankine cycle and the transcritical CO 2 cycle 19,20 ; (c) adding other gases to S-CO 2 to improve the physical properties of the working fluids 21 ; (d) reheating the working fluid to increase the turbine power.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and thermodynamic analysis of supercriticalCO₂reheating recompression Brayton cycle coupled with lead‐based reactor

Kong

et al. 2019

Int J Energy Res

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Summary A reheating process is generally incorporated in a supercritical CO2 (S‐CO2) Brayton cycle to enhance its efficiency. The heat transfer process from the reactor coolant to the working fluid of the power cycle is a key issue encountered when designing reheating power systems for the lead‐based reactor. The traditional reheating system, called RH‐1, utilizes an intermediate coolant circuit. In this paper, a novel reheating system, called RH‐2, is proposed. It eliminates the intermediate coolant circuit and combines the processes of the primary heating and reheating in a single heat exchanger. A thermodynamic analysis of three different systems for the lead‐based reactor integrated with the S‐CO2 power cycle with or without reheating was conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed system. The results confirmed that the performance of RH‐2 was the best of all the three systems. Under the same reactor conditions, the system efficiency of RH‐2 was greater than those of RH‐1 and the recompression (no reheating) system by 1.2% and 1.7%, respectively. RH‐2 could also maintain higher efficiency when the main operating parameters varied. The efficiency of RH‐2 was higher at different core outlet temperatures and split ratios. The maximum efficiency at optimal maximum pressure of RH‐2 was greater than those of the other two systems. RH‐2 was less sensitive to the variations in the isentropic efficiencies of the components than the other two systems, while the turbine isentropic efficiency demonstrated a significantly higher impact on the system efficiency than the two compressors (approximately 3.8 times).

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“…Carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) is an emerging technology with extensive research and development efforts globally . Recently, CO 2 has received increasing attention as a potential working fluid in power generation cycles due to its superior heat transfer and thermodynamic characteristics . For power‐generation systems, compared with other types of thermal cycle fluids, sCO 2 has a lower critical temperature and pressure and a lower gas viscosity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance analysis and optimization design of an axial-flow vane separator for supercritical CO₂ (sCO₂ )-water mixtures from geothermal reservoirs

et al. 2019

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Summary Supercritical CO2 (sCO2) has been proven to be a promising working fluid for geothermal heat mining, and the produced hot sCO2 can be directly used for power generation. However, the sCO2 produced from a brine‐based reservoir may contain a certain amount of water, preventing direct power‐cycle utilization. In this paper, an axial vane separator was designed to address the separation problem of sCO2 and water produced from geothermal reservoirs. First, the influences of operational and structural parameters on the separation performance were analyzed through numerical simulations. Five factors were selected to develop separation performance regression models by the response‐surface method (RSM). Finally, geometrical parameter optimization was applied to these RSM models. The results show that the guide vane area and the exhaust inlet are the main locations impacting the system pressure drop. The separation performance can be affected by many factors, including the guide blade outlet angle, number of vanes, hub diameter, length of the vortex tube, droplet size, and inlet velocity. The water‐droplet size and the number of vanes are the most critical factors affecting the separation efficiency. The inlet velocity, the number of vanes, and the hub diameter have a larger influence on the pressure drop of the separator. The optimization results indicate that the separation efficiency can reach 100% under certain operating conditions with a pressure drop no greater than 100 kPa.

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Supercritical carbon dioxide cycles for power generation: A review

Cited by 523 publications

References 71 publications

Review of supercritical CO₂power cycles integrated with CSP

Review of supercritical CO₂power cycles integrated with CSP

Design and thermodynamic analysis of supercriticalCO₂reheating recompression Brayton cycle coupled with lead‐based reactor

Performance analysis and optimization design of an axial-flow vane separator for supercritical CO₂ (sCO₂ )-water mixtures from geothermal reservoirs

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Supercritical carbon dioxide cycles for power generation: A review

Cited by 523 publications

References 71 publications

Review of supercritical CO2power cycles integrated with CSP

Review of supercritical CO2power cycles integrated with CSP

Design and thermodynamic analysis of supercriticalCO2reheating recompression Brayton cycle coupled with lead‐based reactor

Performance analysis and optimization design of an axial-flow vane separator for supercritical CO2 (sCO2 )-water mixtures from geothermal reservoirs

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Review of supercritical CO₂power cycles integrated with CSP

Review of supercritical CO₂power cycles integrated with CSP

Design and thermodynamic analysis of supercriticalCO₂reheating recompression Brayton cycle coupled with lead‐based reactor

Performance analysis and optimization design of an axial-flow vane separator for supercritical CO₂ (sCO₂ )-water mixtures from geothermal reservoirs