Superconducting Power Cable Design with Hybrid Cryogenic Media - Gaseous Helium for Cooling and Liquid Nitrogen for Dielectric Insulation

Stamm, T.; Cheetham, Peter; Kim, C. H.; Pamidi, Sastry

doi:10.1109/eic47619.2020.9158651

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…High temperature superconducting (HTS) power cables are being explored for electric transport (electric ships and aircraft) applications. These applications call for a current carrying capacity of 10 times that of conventional technology [1], [2]. This ampacity target could be achieved by using a conventional conductor with a larger cross-section; however, cable designs for the transportation sector have strict weight and space restrictions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Choosing the right cryogen and dielectric is typically one of the major challenges of HTS power applications. The coupling of electrical and thermal properties of HTS power cables dictates that the cryogen used to achieve the desired operating temperature has an influence over the voltage and current 1241 (2022) 012024 IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1757-899X/1241/1/012024 2 ratings [2]. Liquid Nitrogen (LN2) is one of the most used cryogens for HTS applications due to its low cost, abundance, high dielectric strength, and inertness in chemical reaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is mainly due to its large volumeexpansion ratio when boiled off into a gas. LN2 expands to over 700 times its liquid volume when converted to its gas phase replacing oxygen in air [2]. Because of these reasons, it is necessary to use alternate cryogens to achieve the desired operating temperature while reducing the safety concerns [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of GHe also allows for multiple HTS devices to be connected to a single, centralized, cryogenic closed loop. This is advantageous for the electrification of transportation because it could reduce weight compared to using multiple cryogenic systems for different devices [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A project called Best Paths proposed the idea of using LN2 as dielectric and GHe as cryogen [13]. The study conducted in [2] investigates the practicality of a hybrid HTS cable design by utilizing commercially available HTS conductors and cryostats. Both studies focused on using LN2 and GHe as dielectric medium and cryogen, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Superconducting liquid cryogen insulated power cables for medium voltage applications

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Mensah

Cheetham

et al. 2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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Liquid Nitrogen (LN2) is used as the cryogen and is part of the dielectric insulation system in most high temperature superconducting (HTS) power cables. However, in electric propulsion systems for transportation, using LN2 is not feasible due to asphyxiation concerns in the event of a leak in a confined space. Gaseous helium (GHe) has been proposed as an alternate cryogen to relieve this asphyxiation concern. GHe has benefits such as a wider operating temperature range and versatility for a centralized cryogenic cooling system for multiple devices which could potentially reduce the overall weight of the superconducting system. The drawback is that GHe has a lower dielectric strength compared to LN2, which limits its use to low-medium voltage applications. A hybrid cryogen HTS cable was proposed using LN2 as the dielectric media and GHe as the cryogen of an HTS cable to solve the limitations and issues associated with each cryogen and explained in this paper. A 1-m prototype cable that used LN2 as the cryogen and dielectric was fabricated and dielectric breakdown measurements were performed on it to establish a baseline on what to be expected from the hybrid cryogen HTS cable.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%