“…Supercapacitors have a high power density, a fast charge/discharge rate, a high number of charge/discharge cycles, and a long lifetime, making them suitable for elevator applications characterized by a high number of starts and stops, short trips, and high braking power in regenerative mode [12]. Typical designs of energy storage systems in elevator applications use a bidirectional DC/DC converter and a supercapacitor bank [8,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. The research studies presented in the literature focus on control strategies [15,17], storage system design [13,14,[18][19][20][21][22], supercapacitor bank sizing [8,19,21], DC/DC converter topology [23,24], and additional functions, such as emergency power supply [14] or power factor correction [16], with simulations and experimental tests used to validate the proposed concepts.…”