SuperButol™ – A novel high-octane gasoline blending component

Kalamaras, Christos M.; Shaik, Kareemuddin; Kalghatgi, Gautam; Babiker, Hassan; Alsamah, Abdulkarim; McLeary, David; Xu, Wei

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2017.01.062

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…21 Overall, butanol has four isomers: n-butanol, 2butanol, i-butanol (2-methyl-1-propanol), and tert-butyl alcohol (2-methyl-2-propanol). Each of these isomers can be applied either as a biofuel 22 in gasoline engines or petrochemistry to produce valuable chemicals. In the further text, the terms biobutanol or butanol designate fuels consisting of n-butanol.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Study of Mild Steel Resistance in Butanol–Gasoline and Ethanol–Gasoline Blends

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This work deals with studying mild steel corrosion resistance in ethanol–gasoline and butanol–gasoline blends (EGBs and BGBs, respectively) with an alcohol content of 10–100 vol %. These fuels were tested in two forms: pure (noncontaminated) and purposely contaminated with water and trace amounts of acids, chlorides, and sulfate ions. Electrochemical methods, such as open circuit potential, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and polarization characteristics measurements in three-electrode arrangements were used for the study. A three-month-long static immersion test was performed as a supplementary method. The obtained results showed that the contamination led to an increase in aggressiveness of the tested fuels against the mild steel. This effect was surprisingly more noticeable for the BGBs, in which the corrosion rate increased by up to 3 orders of magnitude compared with their noncontaminated form. For the EGBs with an ethanol content of 60 vol % or more (E60 and higher), an initial quasi-passive state was observed, which was not persistent. Pitting corrosion was observed especially in the E100 fuel and in the fuels containing 40 vol % or more of butanol (B40 and higher). The E10 and B10 fuels showed very low corrosion aggressiveness even after the contamination. In the B10 fuel, the lowest mild steel corrosion rates were measured, which corresponded to the lowest corrosion current densities (3.6 × 10–3 μA cm–2) and the highest polarization resistance (13.7 MΩ cm2).

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Study of Mild Steel Resistance in Butanol–Gasoline and Ethanol–Gasoline Blends

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Concerning preformed depositing materials, there has been considerable controversy during the past few years concerning the significance of gum content as determined by the ASTM standard namely "ASTM Method D381, Test for Existent Gum in Fuels by Jet Evaporation" [20][21][22]. In the past, this measure of fuel quality had been generally accepted as a reliable indication of the tendencies of fuel to form intake deposits [23].…”

Section: Preformed Gumsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventing Gasoline Thermal Decomposition

Koyunoğlu

2021

Uluslararası Yakıtlar Yanma Ve Yangın Dergisi

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The trouble of reducing induction system deposition has afflicted the refining market periodically given that the very early twenties when thermal breaking started to be utilized. Control of the deposit-forming properties of types of gasoline by ingredients as well as via methods techniques ended up being a crucial component of petroleum handling, and also it has played an essential function in enabling the development in fuels that have been so required for today's high-compression engines. During the period from the early twenties to the present, the problem has varied considerably in severity and in the manner in which it has been manifested. The initial surge of trouble associated with thermal cracking was eliminated first by chemical processing and finally by the use of additives. This occurrence of the problem was almost entirely attributed to preformed gums, which frequently exceeded 50 mg per 100 ml. With the advent of catalytic cracking, stability problems were made more complex by the introduction of new types of hydrocarbons and larger quantities of nonhydrocarbon constituents, particularly of the oxygenated type frequently referred to as acid oils. These compounds gave false indications of stability in accelerated tests and for a time were considered to be beneficial as oxidation inhibitors. For this reason, the caustic treating processes used for sulfur removal were designed so that these compounds were allowed to remain in the finished gasoline. In the introduction part of the review, the issues of determining the effect of the residue in gasoline on the channels through which gasoline passes are discussed. In the second part, the effect of commercial antioxidants on the combustion stability of gasoline is examined. Determination of new methods and features related to future methods by examining the researches carried out today. The most important topic was the part where the effects of gumming on engine accents and other parts of gasoline during combustion are explained.

show abstract

“…Figure 3 shows the technology status of biofuels. Research on gasoline, from a catalysis perspective, can be divided into different directions: (i) reducing gasoline content by blending with ethanol, (ii) production of gasoline from abundant natural gas, 73 (iii) ring opening of low-cost refinery streams to gasoline, 74 (iv) upgrading of bioethanol to a full range of hydrocarbon, 75 (v) production of ethanol and higher alcohols from low-cost streams in refinery and petrochemicals, namely, SuperButol, 76 and (vi) onboard CO 2 reforming to fuels. 77 ■ BIOETHANOL AND BIOBUTANOL Bioethanol (C 2 H 5 OH, abbreviated as C 2 ) certainly contains lower C element as compared with gasoline (mostly C 8 ).…”

Section: + ↔ +mentioning

confidence: 99%

Highlighting the Greener Shift in Transportation Energy and Fuels Based on Novel Catalytic Materials

Muraza

2020

Energy Fuels

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sustainable energy and fuels for personal vehicles is one of the most important topics nowadays. With the spirit being to minimize climate change, decarbonization strategy has been applied to transportation fuels, power generation, and personal vehicles. In the past, there was an incentive to shift from gasoline to biomass-derived liquid fuels such as ethanol. With an oversupply of shale gas and the availability of biogas, carbon pollution was further reduced to compressed natural gas and hydrogen fuel. Recently, the personal electric vehicle has also being promoted in different countries. However, there are many challenges in each generation of fuels. In this minireview, substantial research avenues for each alternative fuel are being highlighted from a heterogeneous catalysis perspective. The needs for better catalysts in ethanol blended gasoline production, the quest to get better methane and hydrogen storage, and the search for abundant energy storage materials are discussed carefully. Since most of countries with electric vehicle programs are still generating electricity in coal plants, the search for cost-effective sorbent materials for CO 2 capture materials are also emphasized.

show abstract

SuperButol™ – A novel high-octane gasoline blending component

Cited by 11 publications

References 19 publications

Electrochemical Study of Mild Steel Resistance in Butanol–Gasoline and Ethanol–Gasoline Blends

Electrochemical Study of Mild Steel Resistance in Butanol–Gasoline and Ethanol–Gasoline Blends

Preventing Gasoline Thermal Decomposition

Highlighting the Greener Shift in Transportation Energy and Fuels Based on Novel Catalytic Materials

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About