Super-Heating and Micro-Bubble Generation around Plasmonic Nanoparticles under cw Illumination

Baffou, Guillaume; Polleux, Julien; Rigneault, Hervé; Monneret, Serge

doi:10.1021/jp411519k

Cited by 306 publications

(418 citation statements)

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“…As far as the steam generation mechanism is concerned, it has been shown analytically that a minimum radiation flux of 3×10 8 W/m 2 is required to produce nanobubbles on heated nanoparticles [46,49,50], which can only be reached by powerful laser beams. In a separated study, Julien et al [51] showed that 1×10 10 W/m 2 was required to generate a nanobubble on a plasmonic gold nanoparticle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volumetric solar heating and steam generation via gold nanofluids

et al. 2017

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Volumetric solar absorption using nanofluids can minimize the thermal loss by trapping the light inside the fluid volume. A strong surface boiling with the underneath fluid still subcooled could have many interesting applications, whose mechanism is however still under strong debate. This work advanced our understanding on volumetric fluid heating by performing a novel experiment under a unique uniform solar heating setup at 280 Suns, with a particular focus on the steam production phenomenon using gold nanofluids. To take the temperature distribution into account, a new integration method was used to calculate the sensible heating contribution. The results showed that the photothermal conversion efficiency was enhanced significantly by gold nanofluids. A three-stage heating scenario was identified and during the first stage most of the energy was absorbed by the surface fluid, resulting in rapid vapor generation with the underneath fluid still subcooled. The condensed vapor analysis showed no nanoparticle escaping even under vigorous boiling conditions. Such results reveal that nanoparticle enabled volumetric solar heating could have many promising applications including clean water production in arid areas where abundant solar energy is available. highlights  Novel experiment was performed for nanofluids at a focused solar flux of 280 Suns. Strong surface evaporation was enabled while the bulk fluid was still subcooled  A new integration method was used to calculate photothermal conversion efficiency  Gold nanofluid (0.04w%) increased photothermal conversion efficiency by 95%. The authors are grateful for all the constructive comments from the reviewer and the Editor. Most of the comments were concerned on the presentation of the work. We have addressed all these concerns in the revised version, and a point-by-point reply is supplied below Reviewer #1:The authors of the present work experimentally investigated the surface boiling and steam production mechanism of gold nanofluids under uniform solar heating of 280 Suns. Various concentrations of gold nanofluids were produced and the generated steam was condensed and tested to reveal the presence of any nanoparticles.The study provides good insight to the surface boiling phenomenon of nanofluids and is in consonant with recent trend of investigation. However, there are several problems that need to be addressed before considering for publication in Applied Energy.1. The Abstract, in its current state is incomplete. It is more like a conclusion and needs to be re-written.Action: the abstract was rewritten with more focus on the novelty 2. The use of "gold nanofluids" should be mentioned in the Title and Abstract.Action: The title was slightly changed to reflect the content, and the was used in the title and the abstract in the revised version.3. In the statement: "For example, researchers [43] from Rice University", the Institution name should be replaced by the Authors' name.Action: T was used to replace the institution name in the revised version....

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volumetric solar heating and steam generation via gold nanofluids

et al. 2017

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“…[8][9][10][11][12] Plasmonic nanoparticles with absorption and scattering cross-sections exceeding their geometrical cross-sections have been recently developed and applied for direct solar steam generation [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] , but they typically require optical concentration of 10-1000x for steam generation. However, optical concentrators are expensive ($200/m 2 ) 25 , often accounting for a major portion of the capital cost of solar thermal systems.…”

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Steam generation under one sun enabled by a floating structure with thermal concentration

et al. 2016

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Abstract:Harvesting solar energy as heat has many applications, such as power generation, residential water heating, desalination, distillation and wastewater treatment. However, the solar flux is diffuse, and often requires optical concentration, a costly component, to generate high temperatures needed for some of these applications. Here we demonstrate a floating solar receiver capable of generating 100°C steam under ambient air conditions without optical concentration. The high temperatures are achieved by using thermal concentration and heat localization, which reduce the convective, conductive, and radiative heat losses. This demonstration of a low-cost and scalable solar vapor generator holds the promise of significantly expanding the application domain and reducing the cost of solar thermal systems. Keywords: solar thermal, steam generation, thermal concentration, water treatmentThe sun is a promising and abundant source of renewable energy that can potentially solve many of society's challenges. Solar thermal technologies, i.e., the conversion of the sunlight to thermal energy, are being developed for many applications such as power generation, domestic water heating, desalination, and other industrial processes. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Steam and vapor generation is often desired in these applications, but the dilute solar flux (1000 W/m 2 ) does not provide enough power per unit area of the absorber to reach the required high temperatures and to compensate for the large latent heat of water vaporization. Optical

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“…Numerous studies have been conducted over the past 50 years to understand the formation of photothermal bubble generation mainly under pulsed illumination [16] . In fact, the plasmonic bubble generation under CW illumination had received considerable attention until recently [17] . In 2009, Adleman et al [18] were the first scholars who focused a CW laser on a flowing ethanol-water mixture over gold nanoparticles and provided the necessary heat of heterogeneous catalysis.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Zhao et al [22] proposed a first application of plasmon-induced microbubbles (MBs) that consisted of generating a surface MB on a metal film as an effective lens for surface plasmon waves in a microfluidic environment. In 2014, Baffou et al [17] investigated a temperature threshold for plasmonic bubble formation, explained their unexpectedly long lifetime, and described the MB steady state maintained under CW illumination. Lombard et al [23] addressed the kinetics of formation of the nanobubbles using a hydrodynamic free-energy model.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The fact that the plasmonic bubble does not collapse as soon as the heating beam switched off vanishes from the nature of the bubble: it is not made of steam, but of air molecules. If the plasmonic bubbles were made of steam, they would disappear as soon as the heating stopped [17] . Furthermore, the shape of a collapsing bubble is not regular due to the existence of nanopillars, so there are peaks in the picture.…”

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Behavior of microbubbles on spatially controlled golden nanoparticles

Liu

Jiao

2016

中国光学快报

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Incipient plasmonic bubble formation is observed around gold nanopillars with different inter-nanopillar separations. The experimental measurements and theoretical analysis show that the nanobubble formation is due to the enhanced plasmonic resonance rather than from the laser heating. Inter-nanopillar distribution may lead to threshold fluence variations. The lifetime of plasmonic bubbles can reach several minutes. Furthermore, both the radius and the growth rate of the plasmonic nanobubble increase as the inter-nanopillar distribution decreases. Smaller-spacing distributed arrays produced larger bubbles. The maximum growth rate of the bubbles can be reached at about 883.5 × 10 −6 m∕s on 1 μm nanopillars, but it is only 56.9 × 10 −6 m∕s on 4 μm nanopillars.

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Super-Heating and Micro-Bubble Generation around Plasmonic Nanoparticles under cw Illumination

Cited by 306 publications

References 47 publications

Volumetric solar heating and steam generation via gold nanofluids

Volumetric solar heating and steam generation via gold nanofluids

Steam generation under one sun enabled by a floating structure with thermal concentration

Behavior of microbubbles on spatially controlled golden nanoparticles

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