^99mTc-, ⁹⁰Y-, and ¹⁷⁷Lu-Labeled Iron Oxide Nanoflowers Designed for Potential Use in Dual Magnetic Hyperthermia/Radionuclide Cancer Therapy and Diagnosis

Abstract

Development of a complex based on iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) for diagnosis and dual magnetic hyperthermia/radionuclide cancer therapy accomplishing high yields of radiolabeling and great magnetic heat induction is still a challenge. We report here the synthesis of citric acid, poly­(acrylic acid) (PAA) and poly­(ethylene glycol) coated IONPs and their labeling with three radionuclides, namely, technetium (99mTc), yttrium (90Y), and lutetium (177Lu), aiming at potential use in cancer diagnosis and therapy. Polyol-synthesized IONPs are a flowerlike structure with 13.5 nm spherically shaped cores and 24.8 nm diameter. PAA-coated nanoparticles (PAA@IONP) showed the best characteristics such as easy radiolabeling with very high yields (>97.5%) with all three radionuclides, and excellent in vitro stabilities with less than 10% of radionuclides detaching after 24 h. Heating ability of PAA@IONP in an alternating external magnetic field showed intrinsic loss power value of 7.3 nH m2/kg, which is one of higher reported values. Additionally, PAA@IONP itself presented no significant cytotoxicity to the CT-26 cancer cells, reaching IC50 at 60 μg/mL. However, under the external magnetic field, they show hyperthermia-mediated cells killing, which correlated with the magnetic field strength and time of exposure. Since PAA@IONP are easy to prepare, biocompatible, and with excellent magnetic heat induction, these nanoparticles radiolabeled with high-energy beta emitters 90Y and 177Lu have valuable potential as agent for dual magnetic hyperthermia/radionuclide therapy, while radiolabeled with 99mTc could be used in diagnostic imaging.

Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Negative Effect of 16 T High Static Magnetic Field on Osteoclastogenesis of RAW264.7 Cells

“…The research on the use of HiSMF technology in magnetotherapy in clinics has been increasing due to its useful effects in many diseases, including cancers, edema, inflammation, wounds healing, and bone disorders [7][8][9][10]26]. Due to its safety and noninvasiveness, magnetotherapy has been approved as an instructive novel strategy by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) [16].…”

“…Currently, the use of MRI with 7 T in clinical diagnosis has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) [6]. At the same time, the high-intensity magnetotherapy, a noninvasion approach, has been applied in the treatment of various diseases including osteoporosis [7], rheumatoid arthritis [8], diabetic wound healing [9], and cancer [10]. Therefore, the application of HiSMF medical equipment is megatrends in the near future.…”

Removal of As(III) from Water Using the Adsorptive and Photocatalytic Properties of Humic Acid-Coated Magnetite Nanoparticles

“…The zeta potentials of HA-MNP and MNP were determined using a Malvern Zetasizer Nano Z (Malvern, Worcestershire, UK). The recorded zeta potentials of HA-MNP and uncoated MNP at different pH values ranging from 2 to 11 were fitted to a Boltzmann sigmoidal function to obtain the isoelectric points [35]. The zeta potentials of HA-MNP in the presence of As(V) before and after the treatment were also measured.…”

Thermosensitive Nanosystems Associated with Hyperthermia for Cancer Treatment

“…The development of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) for diagnosis and/or bimodal cancer therapy, using magnetic hyperthermia and radionuclides, has grown considerably over recent years [47][48][49][50]. Mokhodoeva and collaborators described the incorporation of 223Ra (radium-223), the first clinically approved alpha-emitter, into SPIONs.…”

“…It was postulated that the nanoparticles with high energy beta emitters 90Y and 177Lu can be a promising system for magnetic hyperthermia and radionuclide therapy. On the other hand, SPIONs with 99mTc could be used for diagnostic imaging purposes [49]. Studies by Pospisilova and collaborators reported the incorporation of radionuclide 59Fe (iron-59) into SPIONs [50].…”