Sunlight, keratotic skin lesions and skin cancer in renal transplant recipients

Bavinck, Jan Nico Bouwes; Boer, A de; Vermeer, B.J.; Hartevelt, M.; Woude, Fokko J. van der; Claas, Frans H.J.; Wolterbeek, Ron; Vandenbroucke, Jan P.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb11841.x

Cited by 166 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The incidence of BCC is much more common in individuals who have received a solid organ transplant 90,91 in whom herpes virus like DNA sequences have been demonstrated 90,91 and in whom tumors appear to have an increased tendency for recurrence and metastasis. 92 In concert with this more aggressive behavior, the histologic types are different in patients with immune suppression in whom infiltrative growth BCC is more common than nodular and/or superficial variants.…”

Section: Uv Light-induced Mutagenesis and Biologic Transformationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basal cell carcinoma: biology, morphology and clinical implications

2006

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Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common malignant neoplasm of humans. Rising dramatically in incidence in North America, as likely reflects changing habits of the population and a move from more northerly climes to the sunbelt of the Southern and Southwestern United States, the incidence is surely to rise even higher in the future. The last decade has seen significant advances in our understanding of BCC biology and novel approaches to therapy, which hinge upon accurate diagnosis and subclassification by pathologists. The purpose of this review article is to summate the research advances in our understanding of BCC biology and to acquaint pathologists and clinicians to the practical issues in BCC diagnosis and subclassification which flow there from.

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Section: Uv Light-induced Mutagenesis and Biologic Transformationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basal cell carcinoma: biology, morphology and clinical implications

2006

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“…Risk factors for skin cancer in both transplant and nontransplant patients are similar (Bouwes Bavinck et al, 1993) and cutaneous, mucosal and EV-related HPV sequences are found in a high porportion of both BCC and SCC in both patient groups (McGregor and Proby, 1996). We have examined the spectrum of p53 mutations in post-transplant compared with sporadic skin cancers, and show that p53 mutations, predominantly of a u.v.-related nature, are present irrespective of HPV status.…”

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confidence: 93%

p53 mutations implicate sunlight in post-transplant skin cancer irrespective of human papillomarivus status

et al. 1997

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Mutations in p53 were detected in 11/23 (48%) of non melanoma skin cancers in renal allograft recipients and in 5/8 (63%) of sporadic tumours from immune competent patients. 9/12 (75%) of mutations in transplant patients and all 5 mutations in non transplant tumours were consistent with damage caused by ultraviolet (u.v.) irradiation. DNA sequences, predominantly of the epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV) subgroup, were detected in 9/23 (39%) of transplant tumours and in 2/8 (25%) of eight non-transplant tumours. There was no relationship between HPV status and p53 mutation, HPV DNA being present in 5/16 (31%) of tumours with p53 mutation and 6/15 (40%) of tumours lacking p53 mutation. These data are consistent with an important role for sunlight in the development of post-transplant skin cancer, and with limited functional data suggesting that E6 proteins of the cutaneous and EV-related papillomaviruses do not target p53 for ubiquitin-mediated degradation.

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“…Renal transplant patients, who are therapeutically immunosuppressed, display exceptionally high incidence of squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma on sun-exposed sites. 39,40 In the general population, certain individuals seem to be more susceptible than others to the immunosuppressive effects of solar radiation. 41 Following exposure of the skin to ultraviolet radiation, 40% of normal subjects exhibit suppressed contact hypersensitivity responses to the topically applied experimental sensitizer, dinitrochlorobenzene, at the site of exposure.…”

Section: Ultraviolet-b-induced Immunosuppression In Photocarcinogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Mast cells and cutaneous malignancies

Ch’ng

Wallis

Yuan³

et al. 2006

Modern Pathology

167

166

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This paper reviews the role of mast cells in the development and progression of basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma. Mast cells accumulate around cutaneous malignancies. Current evidence suggests that mast cells contribute to the tumorigenesis of cutaneous malignancies through four mechanisms. (1) Immunosuppression: Ultraviolet-B radiation, the most important initiator of cutaneous malignancies, activates mast cells. Upon irradiation of the skin, trans-urocanic acid in the epidermis isomerizes to cis-urocanic acid, which stimulates neuropeptide release from neural c-fibers. These neuropeptides in turn trigger histamine secretion from mast cells, leading to suppression of the cellular immune system. (2) Angiogenesis: Mast cells are the major source of vascular endothelial growth factor in basal cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma. Vascular endothelial growth factor is one of the most potent angiogenic factors, which also induces leakage of other angiogenic factors across the endothelial cell wall into the matrix. Mast cell proteases reorganize the stroma to facilitate endothelial cell migration. As well, heparin, the dominant mast cell proteoglycan, assists in blood-borne metastasis. (3) Degradation of extracellular matrix: Through its own proteases, and indirectly via interaction with other cells, mast cells participate in degradation of the matrix, which is required for tumor spread. (4) Mitogenesis: Mast cell mediators including fibroblast growth factor-2 and interleukin-8 are mitogenic to melanoma cells. Current evidence supports an accessory role for mast cells in the development and progression of cutaneous malignancies. Emerging data, however, also suggest that mast cells might, in fact, have opposing roles in tumor biology, and the microenvironment could polarize mast cells to possess either promoting or inhibitory effects on tumors.

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Sunlight, keratotic skin lesions and skin cancer in renal transplant recipients

Cited by 166 publications

References 23 publications

Basal cell carcinoma: biology, morphology and clinical implications

Basal cell carcinoma: biology, morphology and clinical implications

p53 mutations implicate sunlight in post-transplant skin cancer irrespective of human papillomarivus status

Mast cells and cutaneous malignancies

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