Basal cell carcinoma: biology, morphology and clinical implications

Abstract

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common malignant neoplasm of humans. Rising dramatically in incidence in North America, as likely reflects changing habits of the population and a move from more northerly climes to the sunbelt of the Southern and Southwestern United States, the incidence is surely to rise even higher in the future. The last decade has seen significant advances in our understanding of BCC biology and novel approaches to therapy, which hinge upon accurate diagnosis and subclassification by pathologists. The purpose of this review article is to summate the research advances in our understanding of BCC biology and to acquaint pathologists and clinicians to the practical issues in BCC diagnosis and subclassification which flow there from.

Automation of an algorithm based on fuzzy clustering for analyzing tumoral heterogeneity in human skin carcinoma tissue sections

“…In addition, they can be explained by the fact that BCC originates from the transformation of epidermal keratinocytes. 32 Contrary to the infiltrative SCC, the tumor (cluster 5)/dermis (clusters 2, 3 and 4) interface does not present any intermediary structure, but rather the existence of a well-defined edge that confirms the superficial state diagnosed for this BCC sample. Similarly, for the other analyzed superficial BCC samples #2-4, (Supplementary Figures S8-S10, in the Supplementary information), both spectral characteristics of tumor interface, either with epidermis or dermis, are unambiguously identified.…”

Three‐dimensional multiphoton/optical coherence tomography for diagnostic applications in dermatology

“…In histopathology, it is frequently distinguished by small, irregular tongues of neoplastic basaloid cells, often one to four cells thick, enmeshed in a densely collagenized and proplastic stroma. Usually, individual cell necrosis and mitotic activity are brisk in sclerodermiform BCCs considering the relative tumor volume and the neoplasms are poorly demarcated showing widespread invasion of the RD and subcutaneous tissue [40]. As indicated in the dermatoscopy image, MPT and OCT images were taken from the tumor border region [Figure 5(a)].…”

Multimodal imaging to study the morphochemistry of basal cell carcinoma

“…Furthermore, the degree of recurrence, the tendency of multiple and repeated appearance in the patients and the low lethality of BCC cause increasing costs for the clinical treatment of this carcinoma type [1]. Automated diagnosis or at least pre-selection of the samples on the basis of the chemical composition of the skin, i.e.…”

“…Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common malignant neoplasms in humans [1]. It can be associated with an outstretching growth of tumor tissue due to alterations in signal cascades.…”

“…It can be associated with an outstretching growth of tumor tissue due to alterations in signal cascades. This results in a decreased apoptosis rate while the secretion of tumor growth factors is enhanced [1][2][3][4]. There are localized low grade malignant tumor types as well as more aggressive devastating forms.…”