Summer variability, winter dormancy: lichen activity over 3 years at Botany Bay, 77°S latitude, continental Antarctica

Schroeter, B.; Green, T. G. Allan; Pannewitz, Stefan; Schlensog, M.; Sancho, Leopoldo G.

doi:10.1007/s00300-010-0851-7

Cited by 46 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…As a result the active times of lichens are mainly confined to the two summer months at Botany Bay (778 S) compared to the whole year at Livingston Island (628 S) . However, photosynthesizing organisms in the former region can experience incident PAR exceeding nominal full sunlight, 2000 lmol photonsÁm À2 Ás À1 (Pannewitz et al 2003a, Schroeter et al 2011. Little evidence exists that naturally occurring levels of PAR or UV radiation are major limiting factors for autotrophs in Antarctica (Kappen et al 1998a, Clarke and Robinson 2008, Schroeter et al 2012.…”

Section: Solar Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The spatial structure of Antarctic biodiversity

Convey

Chown

Clarke

et al. 2014

Ecological Monographs

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295

296

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Patterns of environmental spatial structure lie at the heart of the most fundamental and familiar patterns of diversity on Earth. Antarctica contains some of the strongest environmental gradients on the planet and therefore provides an ideal study ground to test hypotheses on the relevance of environmental variability for biodiversity. To answer the pivotal question, “How does spatial variation in physical and biological environmental properties across the Antarctic drive biodiversity?” we have synthesized current knowledge on environmental variability across terrestrial, freshwater, and marine Antarctic biomes and related this to the observed biotic patterns. The most important physical driver of Antarctic terrestrial communities is the availability of liquid water, itself driven by solar irradiance intensity. Patterns of biota distribution are further strongly influenced by the historical development of any given location or region, and by geographical barriers. In freshwater ecosystems, free water is also crucial, with further important influences from salinity, nutrient availability, oxygenation, and characteristics of ice cover and extent. In the marine biome there does not appear to be one major driving force, with the exception of the oceanographic boundary of the Polar Front. At smaller spatial scales, ice cover, ice scour, and salinity gradients are clearly important determinants of diversity at habitat and community level. Stochastic and extreme events remain an important driving force in all environments, particularly in the context of local extinction and colonization or recolonization, as well as that of temporal environmental variability. Our synthesis demonstrates that the Antarctic continent and surrounding oceans provide an ideal study ground to develop new biogeographical models, including life history and physiological traits, and to address questions regarding biological responses to environmental variability and change.

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Section: Solar Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The spatial structure of Antarctic biodiversity

Convey

Chown

Clarke

et al. 2014

Ecological Monographs

Self Cite

295

296

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“…Various studies in the past dealt with biodiversity and/or ecogeographic distribution in bacterial (e.g., Bottos et al 2014), hypolithic (Khan et al 2011), and endolithic communities (Yung et al 2014); soil crusts (Colesie et al 2014a), mosses (Schroeter et al 2011), or lichens (e.g., Castello 2003Green et al 2011b;Hertel 2007;Øvstedal and Smith 2001;Ruprecht et al 2010;Ruprecht et al 2012b) as well as macroflora in general (Peat et al 2007); springtails, mites (McGaughran et al 2008;Stevens et al 2006), and nematodes (Adams et al 2014). Most of these terrestrial biodiversity studies were conducted along the latitudinal gradient at the Ross Sea coastline.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A first approach to calculate BIOCLIM variables and climate zones for Antarctica

Wagner

Trutschnig

Bathke

et al. 2017

Theor Appl Climatol

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For testing the hypothesis that macroclimatological factors determine the occurrence, biodiversity, and species specificity of both symbiotic partners of Antarctic lecideoid lichens, we present a first approach for the computation of the full set of 19 BIOCLIM variables, as available at http://www.worldclim. org/ for all regions of the world with exception of Antarctica. Annual mean temperature (Bio 1) and annual precipitation (Bio 12) were chosen to define climate zones of the Antarctic continent and adjacent islands as required for ecological niche modeling (ENM). The zones are based on data for the years 2009-2015 which was obtained from the Antarctic Mesoscale Prediction System (AMPS) database of the Ohio State University. For both temperature and precipitation, two separate zonings were specified; temperature values were divided into 12 zones (named 1 to 12) and precipitation values into five (named A to E). By combining these two partitions, we defined climate zonings where each geographical point can be uniquely assigned to exactly one zone, which allows an immediate explicit interpretation. The soundness of the newly calculated climate zones was tested by comparison with already published data, which used only three zones defined on climate information from the literature. The newly defined climate zones result in a more precise assignment of species distribution to the single habitats. This study provides the basis for a more detailed continental-wide ENM using a comprehensive dataset of lichen specimens which are located within 21 different climate regions.

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“…Studies like Schroeter et al (2011) provide excellent information about lichen activity over several years measured with chlorophyll fluorescence. Such information could now be combined with quantitative carbon fixation and thus be a baseline for measuring growth in one of the harshest and least accessible regions of the world.…”

Section: General Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%