Summary of 1993 World Health Organisation-International Society of Hypertension guidelines for the management of mild hypertension. Subcommittee of WHO/ISH Mild Hypertension Liaison committee.

Zanchetti, Alberto; Chalmers, John; Arakawa, K; Gyárfás, I.; Hamet, Pavel; Hansson, Lennart; Julius, Stevo; MacMahon, Stephen; Mancia, Giuseppe; Ménard, J; Omae, Teruo; Reid, John L.; Safar, Michel E.

doi:10.1136/bmj.307.6918.1541

Cited by 82 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg [ 18 ] or being on pharmacological treatment for hypertension. The different grades of hypertension were defined as follows: mild (140/90 mmHg to 159/99 mmHg), moderate (160/100 to 179/109 mmHg), and severe hypertension (≥180/110 mmHg).…”

Section: Methodology Study Design and Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in the Middle-Aged and Elderly Population of a Nigerian Rural Community

Ejim

Okafor

Emehel

et al. 2011

Journal of Tropical Medicine

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Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) causes of worldwide preventable morbidity and mortality. CVDs are a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in developing countries, and rates are expected to rise over the next few decades. The prevalence of CVD risk factors is dramatically increasing in low-and middle-income African countries, particularly in urban areas. We carried out a cross-sectional population-based survey in Imezi-Owa, a rural community in South East Nigeria to estimate the prevalence of major cardiovascular risk factors in both men and women aged 40–70 years. A total of 858 individuals made up of 247 (28.8%) males and 611 (71.2%) females were recruited. The mean age of the subjects was 59.8 ± 9.9 years. The prevalence of the different cardiovascular risk factors among the 858 subjects was as follows: hypertension 398 (46.4%) subjects, generalized obesity as determined by BMI 257 (30%) subjects, abdominal obesity 266 (31%) subjects, dysglycaemia 38 (4.4%) subjects and hypercholesterolaemia 32 (3.7%) subjects. Prevalence of hypertension and dysglycaemia was higher in men while the others were higher in women. Only hypertension (P = .117) and hypercholesterolaemia (P = .183) did not reveal any significant association with gender. Prevalence of CVD risk factors was highest in subjects aged 65 to 70 years.

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Section: Methodology Study Design and Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in the Middle-Aged and Elderly Population of a Nigerian Rural Community

Ejim

Okafor

Emehel

et al. 2011

Journal of Tropical Medicine

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“…Obesity was further sub classified into class 1 (30-34.9 kg/m 2 ), class 2 (35-39.9 kg/m 2 ) and class 3 (≥40 kg/m 2 ) [ 11 ]. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg [ 12 ]. Diabetes mellitus was defined as a fasting plasma glucose ≥7 mmol/L while hypercholesterolaemia and hyperuricaemia were defined as ≥200 mg/dl and ≥420 μmol/L respectively [ 13 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and determinants of obesity - a cross-sectional study of an adult Northern Nigerian population

Wahab¹,

Sani²,

Yusuf³

et al. 2011

Int Arch Med

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BackgroundObesity is assuming an epidemic dimension globally. It is important to appreciate factors associated with the disease so that a holistic approach can be taken in tackling the rising burden. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity and the factors independently associated with obesity in an urban Nigerian population.MethodsA cross-sectional study of 300 healthy adult subjects was conducted in the urban city of Katsina, northern Nigeria. Relevant sociodemographic and clinical information were obtained. Screening for obesity was done using the Body Mass Index while relevant laboratory investigations were conducted. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the predictors of obesity.ResultsOverweight and obesity was found in 53.3% and 21.0% respectively with a significantly higher prevalence in females compared to males (overweight: 62.0% vs 41.9%, p < 0.001; obesity: 29.8% vs 9.3%, p < 0.001). In univariate analysis, the odds of obesity were higher in women and in the presence of hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia and hyperuricaemia. However, in multivariate analysis, factors independently associated with obesity were female sex (OR 6.119, 95% CI 2.705-13.842, p < 0.001), hypercholesterolaemia (OR 2.138, 95% CI 1.109-4.119, p = 0.023) and hyperuricaemia (OR 2.906, 95% CI 1.444-5.847, p = 0.003).ConclusionThere is a high prevalence of obesity in northern Nigeria and women are significantly more affected. The high prevalence is independently associated with female sex, hypercholesterolaemia and hyperuricaemia. Public health education is urgently needed in order to reduce this burden and prevent other non-communicable cardiovascular disorders.

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“…BP was measured in accordance with the American Heart Association recommendations. 15 All office BP measurements were taken in the non-dominant arm after a 10-minute rest in a sitting position using World Health Organization recommendations, 16 to the nearest 2 mmHg. For diastolic BP, phase IV (disappearance of Korotkoff sounds) was used.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and Safety of Valsartan or Chlorthalidone vs. Combined Valsartan and Chlorthalidone in Patients With Mild to Moderate Hypertension: The VACLOR Study

Manzur

Rico²,

Romero³

et al. 2018

Clin Med Insights Cardiol

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Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of valsartan (V) or chlorthalidone (C) monotherapy in comparison with a fixed combination of valsartan and chlorthalidone (V + C).Methods:This 12-week multicenter randomized three-arm open-label study randomly allocated 72 patients to V or C as monotherapy or a combination of V + C. The aim was to measure changes in office systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and in 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) from baseline to week 12, in addition to medication tolerability.Results:The proportion of patients achieving target BP in office at week 12 was not statistically different for the three groups. However, comparisons of daytime and nighttime 24-hour ABPM values from baseline to week 12 revealed significant differences in nighttime mean SBP for the three groups, due to a significantly greater reduction in the values in patients assigned to the V + C group (−14.7 vs. −8.7 vs. −10.7, P = .042, V+C; V; C, respectively). Although patients assigned to the V + C group also had greater nighttime reduction in mean DBP values compared with those in the other groups, this difference was not statistically significant. The incidence of adverse events did not differ significantly.Conclusion:In patients with hypertension treated with V, C, and both medications combined, the fixed combination of V + C provided a significantly greater reduction of late night to early morning BP values when interventions were assessed with 24-hour ABPM.Trial registration:clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT.01850160, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01850160

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Summary of 1993 World Health Organisation-International Society of Hypertension guidelines for the management of mild hypertension. Subcommittee of WHO/ISH Mild Hypertension Liaison committee.

Cited by 82 publications

References 20 publications

Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in the Middle-Aged and Elderly Population of a Nigerian Rural Community

Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in the Middle-Aged and Elderly Population of a Nigerian Rural Community

Prevalence and determinants of obesity - a cross-sectional study of an adult Northern Nigerian population

Efficacy and Safety of Valsartan or Chlorthalidone vs. Combined Valsartan and Chlorthalidone in Patients With Mild to Moderate Hypertension: The VACLOR Study

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