Sulphonated phthalocyanines as effective oxidation photocatalysts for visible and UV light regions

Klusoň, Petr; Drobek, Martin; Strašák, Tomáš; Krýsa, Josef; Karásková, Marie; Rakušan, Jan

doi:10.1016/j.molcata.2007.03.024

Cited by 51 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…Because of their characteristic light absorption in the welldefined regions, phthalocyanines have been used as common industrial colourants, such as pigments, direct dyes, reactive dyes, solvent dyes and vat dyes [9,11]. It must be noted that their intensive light absorption is not limited only to the visible part of spectrum, but strong absorption bands could be observed also in the UV region [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Obviously, a complete absorption spectrum represents one of the most important characteristics of this type of chemical.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation, chemical modification and absorption properties of various phthalocyanines

Klusoň¹,

Drobek²,

Kalaji

et al. 2009

Res Chem Intermed

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A series of phthalocyanines were prepared from phthalodinitrile and corresponding metal salts by means of the 'solvent' methods. Some experiments were also conducted in the absence of a solvent in a 'solvent-free' process from phthalanhydride, urea and metal chlorides. All of the prepared phthalocyanines were modified by the incorporation of desirable functional groups in order to transform the virtually insoluble phthalocyanine skeleton into more soluble forms. Derivatives soluble in polar media were prepared by means of sulphonation, while those soluble in non-polar media were produced by chlorosulphonation with the subsequent condensation of prepared sulphochlorides with primary alkyl amines.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation, chemical modification and absorption properties of various phthalocyanines

Klusoň¹,

Drobek²,

Kalaji

et al. 2009

Res Chem Intermed

Self Cite

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“…The use of phthalocyanines as photocatalysts for environmental decontamination suffers some drawbacks. Even though several metallophthalocyanines can be listed (with central metal as Zn, Al, Si, Co, Ni, Cu or Ti) only the aluminium, silicon and zinc -based counterparts were sufficiently photocatalytically active (Kluson et al 2007). Several workers have therefore attempted the enhancement of photoactivity of the metallophthalocyanines by the use of support materials in the case such as polydivinyl benzene (Wu et al 2007), TiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 (Iliev 2002).…”

Section: Background Sketchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Principles of Heterogeneous Photocatalysis

Gaya

2013

Heterogeneous Photocatalysis Using Inorganic Semiconductor Solids

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At the turn of 1970s, the photo-response of solid materials became a constant subject of intensive research for possible application in modern technologies. Heterogeneous photocatalysis has evolved in a unique way giving rise to various applications for alternative energy, organic synthesis and environmental treatment. Semiconducting compounds have thrived as the most suitable materials for these applications. Towards achieving the maximum potential benefits of semiconductor photocatalysis and to make remarkable impact, the fundamental concept as well as application has been extensively and rigorouslyexplored. We therefore detail herein the basic formalism of semiconductor photocatalysis from band models through the generation of oxidants to the light harvesting processes. The key imperfections in semiconductor oxides and their consequences on the extrinsic semiconductivity are outlined. The advances being made regarding the role of oxidising species in photocatalytic degradation are rationally discussed. Finally, the reader is referred to some 'must read' articles in heterogeneous photocatalysis by semiconductor solids.

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“…Metallophthalocyanines are well known as electrocatalysts for oxidation of variety of analytes including chlorophenols [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conçerning the stability of metallophthalocyanines in the presence of H 2 O 2 or KHSO 5 , certain authors are discreet about this stability [9,10] while the others show the fast degradation of catalyst in presence of these oxidizing agents whether it 's in solution or supported [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Process of Catalytic Oxidation of Organic Pollutants from Water in Soft Conditions in Presence of Sulfonated Cobalt Phthalocyanines Supported on Activated Carbon

Goul

Mongi²

2017

Eco-Tech

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In the field of water treatment, catalytic oxidation has been developed around the Fenton reagent (hydrogen peroxide coupled with ferrous iron salt) but this oxidative system has drawbacks. In effect, this system only works in acidic pH. In addition, the Fenton reagent used at room temperature generally offers a partial oxidation of pollutants and is not accompanied by a significant removal of total organic carbon.The WPO process (Wet Peroxide Oxidation) that uses the catalytic activation of peroxide hydrogen at high temperature accelerates the kinetic of degradation reactions. But this method poses problems of cost due to the use of high temperatures reaching 140°C.In clean water, the oxygen is found mainly in the processes WAO (Wet Air Oxidation) which generates a huge investment because of high temperature and pressure (250 to 320 ° C -50 to 150 bar). This represents a major drawback in the industry.The catalytic oxidation reactions in the presence of métallophthalocyanines described in the literature involve KHSO 5 or H 2 O 2 which presents a disadvantage in a field of water depollution. Indeed, for the oxidation of trichlorophenol, adding an organic co-solvent is necessary: The reactions present the inconvenient to be conducted in a mixture acetonitrile / buffer (1 / 3, V / V) and not in an aqueous medium .Therefore, it appears that finding a method for oxidation catalysis involving transition metals and using oxygen under mild conditions of temperature and pressure is a particularly important challenge. During this work, we showed that the synthesis of a catalyst: phthaolocyanine cobalt sulfonated fixed on activated carbon is a simple process that takes place at room temperature. The action of these catalysts has been studied in the oxidation of hexanoic acid by oxygen in normal conditions (20 ° C, 1 atm.). We studied the reaction using two catalysts supported on activated carbon as grains, containing respectively 12 and 50 µmol / g cobalt. We showed that:https://doi.org/10.15626/Eco-Tech.2010.116Linnaeus ECO-TECH '10 Kalmar, Sweden, November 22-24, 2010 • the acid mineralization increases with the degree of grafting. In all cases, 97% of hexanoic acid is removed after 6h.• the behavior of catalysts has been studied through recycling. The catalyst with the lowest content in cobalt showed an increase of activity during the first four cycles. Such activity is stabilised with apparent values of the fall of total organic carbon (TOC) and chemical demand of oxygen (COD) of about 90 %. The increase of cobalt concentration enhances the rate of mineralization (expressed in relation to TOC eliminate d) from 45 % in the first cycle to 62 % at the third cycle. The loss of cobalt is very low. It is below 0,57 % after six cycles. We have also tested the catalytic action of this system in the succinic acid oxidation, oxalic acid and trichlorophenol. We obtain a quasi total fall of TOC and COD and an important rate of mineralization.All these consistent results, can validate this catalytic system. Especially s...

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Sulphonated phthalocyanines as effective oxidation photocatalysts for visible and UV light regions

Cited by 51 publications

References 35 publications

Preparation, chemical modification and absorption properties of various phthalocyanines

Preparation, chemical modification and absorption properties of various phthalocyanines

Principles of Heterogeneous Photocatalysis

New Process of Catalytic Oxidation of Organic Pollutants from Water in Soft Conditions in Presence of Sulfonated Cobalt Phthalocyanines Supported on Activated Carbon

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