Sulphated polysaccharides from seaweeds as potential entry inhibitors and vaccine adjuvants against SARS-CoV-2 RBD spike protein: a computational approach

Douma, Mountasser; Boualy, Brahim; Manaut, Najat; Hammal, Redouan; Byadi, Said; Lahlali, Meryem; Eddaoudi, Fatima-Ezzahra; Mallouk, Siham

doi:10.1080/16583655.2021.1999068

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Lectins, characterized by their ability to bind to viral envelope glycoproteins, impede virus attachment and entry into host cells by competitively occupying sugar-binding sites, including those utilized by the spike protein to latch onto host receptors like angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) (Figure 2) [205]. On the other hand, polysaccharides, with their structural complexity, mimic host cell surface glycans, engaging in competitive interactions with viral glycoproteins and cellular receptors like ACE2, thus impeding virus attachment and entry (Figure 2) [206]. In the context of targeting viruses, the shared affinity for sugar units presents a scenario of competition between lectins and polysaccharides.…”

Section: Improvedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polysaccharides and Lectins: A Natural Complementary Approach against the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic

Lefter,

Balyan,

Balmus

et al. 2024

Microbiology Research

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Infection with the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, the cause of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), has emerged as a global pandemic, with a high toll on casualties, economic impact, and human lifestyle. Despite the recent approval of various vaccines against the virus, challenges remain, including the limited availability of these vaccines, the prevalent rejection of vaccination by a large proportion of the population, and the recurrent appearance of new variants of the virus due to mutations. This context raises the alarm for scientists and clinicians to seek alternative and complementary therapies. In this context, natural products and their derivatives serve as reservoirs for potential therapeutic compounds that can be exploited in the research and production of antiviral drugs against COVID-19. Among these substances, lectin and polysaccharides isolated from fauna and flora emerge as complementary strategies for treating coronavirus infection. The review objective is to cover and analyze the specific role of polysaccharides and lectins and their synergy in the fight against this deadly SARS-CoV-2 virus. For this purpose, a primary literature search was conducted on Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Sciences using relevant keywords like “SARS-CoV-2 Variants”; “Antiviral Strategies”; “Antiviral Polysaccharides”; “Antiviral Lectins”; and “Synergistic effect”. The results demonstrate that lectins and polysaccharides exhibit antiviral activities against SARS-CoV-2 via mechanisms related to binding and steric blocking, the binding of glycan-based decoys, chemical reactions, virus particle disruption strategies, and steric blocking for competitive inhibition to block SARS-CoV-2 and its variants’ entry. In addition, this review analyzes the rationale behind combining polysaccharides and lectins, emphasizing complementary mechanisms of action. By simultaneously targeting multiple stages of the viral life cycle, this dual strategy aims to comprehensively inhibit viral propagation and enhance the durability of antiviral strategies over time.

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Section: Improvedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polysaccharides and Lectins: A Natural Complementary Approach against the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic

Lefter,

Balyan,

Balmus

et al. 2024

Microbiology Research

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“…In addition to that, in silico studies revealed several marine sulfated polysaccharides as promising antivirals against SARS-CoV-2. Generally, the potential mode of action is described as entry inhibitors [42][43][44]. Most importantly, a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, multicenter clinical study revealed that a nasal spray containing iota-carrageenan shows prophylactic efficacy in counteracting SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare workers caring for COVID-19 disease patients with a relative risk reduction of 79.8% [45].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iota-Carrageenan Inhibits Replication of the SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern Omicron BA.1, BA.2 and BA.5

et al. 2023

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Even with its endemic transition, the COVID-19 pandemic remains a public health threat, particularly in the light of emerging variants of concern (VoCs) and the need for pandemic preparedness in the future. In November 2021, the SARS-CoV-2 VoC Omicron emerged and its subvariants BA.1, BA.2 and BA.5 became predominant. Although the protease inhibitor Paxlovid® and the polymerase inhibitors Molnupiravir and Remdesivir were approved as specific antiviral treatment options for COVID-19 patients in the early stages after infection, effective prophylactically acting substances without adverse effects are not available yet. In a recent study, we demonstrated that iota-carrageenan, a sulfated polysaccharide extracted from red seaweed, efficiently inhibits the replication of the SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan Type and the VoCs Alpha, Beta, Gamma and Delta. Now, we extended this study by investigating the antiviral effects of iota-, lambda- and kappa-carrageenans on the VoC Omicron subvariants BA.1, BA.2 and BA.5. Using a VoC Omicron BA.1 spike pseudotyped murine leukemia virus (BA.1 MLVOMVLP) as well as patient-derived SARS-CoV-2 Omicron isolates BA.1, BA.2 and BA.5 (SARS-CoV-2OM BA.1, SARS-CoV-2OM BA.2 and SARS-CoV-2OM BA.5), we demonstrate that iota-carrageenan exhibits similar antiviral activity against all analyzed Omicron subvariants. As with other VoCs shown before, the biologically inert iota-carrageenan was more efficient than kappa- and lambda-carrageenan. Altogether, these results confirm that, independent of the current and potential future variants, the physical barrier provided by iota-carrageenan might be applicable for prophylaxis and early treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infections.

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A critical review on pharmacological properties of sulfated polysaccharides from marine macroalgae

2024

Carbohydrate Polymers

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Sulphated polysaccharides from seaweeds as potential entry inhibitors and vaccine adjuvants against SARS-CoV-2 RBD spike protein: a computational approach

Cited by 5 publications

References 42 publications

Polysaccharides and Lectins: A Natural Complementary Approach against the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic

Polysaccharides and Lectins: A Natural Complementary Approach against the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic

Iota-Carrageenan Inhibits Replication of the SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern Omicron BA.1, BA.2 and BA.5

A critical review on pharmacological properties of sulfated polysaccharides from marine macroalgae

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