Graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C
3
N
4
), as an amazing two‐dimensional polymer, displayed vast interdisciplinary consideration as a metal‐free, robust, and visible‐light‐active material with diverse applications, and it has introduced a novel research hotspot. This appealing polymer endows an excellent perspective in various sciences, thanks to its moderate energy gap, significant optical and electronic features, and supreme physicochemical and thermal durability. Moreover, g‐C
3
N
4
can be easily fabricated by attainable nitrogen and carbon sources in nitrogen‐rich environments. These features have led to the usage of this polymer in hydrogen production, contaminant degradation, carbon dioxide reduction, N
2
fixation, supercapacitors, lithium‐ion batteries, fuel cells, and sensing. This article gives a general review about the preparation routes of g‐C
3
N
4
polymer and the optical absorption characteristics and highlights their applications in different arena.