Sulfonation Mechanism of Polysulfone in Concentrated Sulfuric Acid for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel cell Applications

Hu, Yunxia; Yan, Liuming; Yue, Baohua

doi:10.1021/acsomega.0c01252

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The most extensively used PEMs currently used in DMFC are the perfluorosulfonic acid type such as DuPont’s Nafion . Nafion exhibits high proton conductivity as well as good physical and chemical stabilities. , However, alternative nonperfluorinated materials − have been developed to overcome the drawbacks of Nafion such as high cost, low conductivity and stability at high temperatures, and methanol crossover. − Among these, cellulose derivatives have received much attention due to their low-cost production, availability, eco-friendliness, and ease of modification. − Cellulose acetate (CA) is commonly used to synthesize membranes due to its varied solubility in an extensive range of aprotic-polar organic solvent . Cellulose acetate is a semicrystalline-thermoplastic insoluble in water but swells due to the existence of hydrophilic −OH and acetyl groups .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Titanium Dioxide/Phosphorous-Functionalized Cellulose Acetate Nanocomposite Membranes for DMFC Applications: Enhancing Properties and Performance

et al. 2021

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This study intends to provide new TiO 2 /phosphorous-functionalized cellulose acetate (Ph-CA) nanocomposite membranes for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). A series of TiO 2 /Ph-CA membranes were fabricated via solution casting technique using a systematic variation of TiO 2 nanoparticle content. Chemical structure, morphological changes, and thermal properties of the as-fabricated nanocomposite membranes were investigated by FTIR, TGA, SEM, and AFM analysis tools. Further, membranes' performance, mechanical properties, water uptake, thermal-oxidative stability, and methanol permeability were also evaluated. The results clarified that the ion-exchange capacity (IEC) of the developed nanocomposite membranes improved and reached a maximum value of 1.13 and 2.01 m eq /g at 25 and 80 °C, respectively, using TiO 2 loading of 5 wt % compared to 0.6 and 0.81 m eq /g for pristine Ph-CA membrane at the same temperature. Moreover, the TiO 2 /Ph-CA nanocomposite exhibited excellent thermal stability with appreciable mechanical properties (49.9 MPa). The developed membranes displayed a lower methanol permeability of 0.98 × 10 −16 cm 2 s −1 compared to 1.14 × 10 −9 cm 2 s −1 for Nafion 117. The obtained results suggested that the developed nanocomposite membranes could be potentially applied as promising polyelectrolyte membranes for possible use in DMFCs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Titanium Dioxide/Phosphorous-Functionalized Cellulose Acetate Nanocomposite Membranes for DMFC Applications: Enhancing Properties and Performance

et al. 2021

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“…The glass plate is placed in a distilled water bath, which acts as a coagulant. After a period of 24 hours, the membrane is taken out and is pat to remove excess water using ultra soft tissue and keep at room temperature for drying [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. The steps involved in membrane fabrication is shown in figure 2.…”

Section: Polysulfone Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer / Nanoparticle Hybrid Membrane for Fuel Cell Application

Sidharth

Rahulan

Flower

2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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The nanoparticle incorporated membranes were found to be optimistic versions of modified traditional polymeric membranes for fuel cell applications, with three main characteristics of enhanced diffusion, mechanical properties, and high resistance to thermal degradation. In Nafion membrane, Ion conductivity, which arises from the interaction between sulfone group and oxidized gas, the redox reactions involve thermal energy generation due to which water present inside the membrane evaporates thus significantly hinders the efficiency of membranes. In this present work, copper oxide and nickel tungstate nanoparticles were synthesized and nanoparticle immobilized polymer membranes were fabricated using the phase-inversion technique. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) to analyze its surface morphology, crystallinity and elemental composition of materials were identified using Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDAX). The membranes are studied using FESEM for its surface morphology and surface roughness of membrane by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and wettability by Contact Angle measurement.

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“…Meanwhile, the decomposition occurs at a slightly lower temperature compared to pure PVDF membranes. The insertion of ethylene glycol and sulfonate groups causes the conformation of the chain to become softer and the structure to be less orderly, resulting in a decrease in thermal stability [16].…”

Section: Thermal Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Temperature, Sulfonation, and PEG Addition on Physicochemical Characteristics of PVDF Membranes and Its Application on Hemodialysis Membrane

et al. 2021

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Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane and its derivative have been investigated the permeation ability for creatinine and urea. The membrane was made by an inversion precipitation system in N,N-dimethyl acetamide (DMAc) and water as non-solvents. In this study, the modification of PVDF membrane permeability with PEG additives, CBT variations, and sulfonation was successfully carried out. The membrane solidification process was carried out on three variations of the coagulation bath temperature (CBT): 30, 45, and 60 °C. Eight types of membranes were characterized by using FT-IR and TGA/DSC, followed by the analysis of their porosity, hydrophilicity, water uptake, swelling degree, tensile strength, and permeability of creatinine and urea. The FT-IR spectra indicate that PVDF modification has been successfully carried out. The porosity, hydrophilicity, water uptake, and swelling degree values increase with the modification of functional groups. Furthermore, improvements in creatinine and urea permeability and clearances are achieved by increasing CBT and sulfonation in the PVDF/PEG membrane. The presence of sulfonate groups improves the membrane permeability through the interaction of intermolecular hydrogen with water and dialysate compounds. The existence of PEG as a porogen enhanced membrane porosity. Creatinine and urea clearance values increase from 0.29–0.58 and 6.38–20.63 mg/dL, respectively.

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Sulfonation Mechanism of Polysulfone in Concentrated Sulfuric Acid for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel cell Applications

Cited by 18 publications

References 39 publications

Titanium Dioxide/Phosphorous-Functionalized Cellulose Acetate Nanocomposite Membranes for DMFC Applications: Enhancing Properties and Performance

Titanium Dioxide/Phosphorous-Functionalized Cellulose Acetate Nanocomposite Membranes for DMFC Applications: Enhancing Properties and Performance

Polymer / Nanoparticle Hybrid Membrane for Fuel Cell Application

The Effect of Temperature, Sulfonation, and PEG Addition on Physicochemical Characteristics of PVDF Membranes and Its Application on Hemodialysis Membrane

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