Sulfonated Poly(ether ether ketone) and Poly(ethylene glycol) Diacrylate Based Semi-Interpenetrating Network Membranes for Fuel Cells

Deivanayagam, Paradesi; Ramamoorthy, Alwar Ramanujam

doi:10.1080/10601325.2012.649197

Cited by 24 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Hence, the H 13 signal intensity may be used for the estimation of the SO 3 H group concentration or the degree of sulfonation (DS) per repeat unit. The DS value can be calculated as a ratio of sulfonated units to total units as follows [33] 13 rest Area (H ) ( 0 1) 12 2Area (H )…”

Section: Nuclear Magnetic Resonancementioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)-functionalised silica composite membranes for applications in proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Rangasamy¹,

Thayumanasundaram²,

Locquet³

et al. 2014

IJNT

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Sulfonated Poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) and its composites are explored as potential alternatives for Nafion in fuel cell applications. In this work, we investigate the effects of the silica functionalisation route on the thermal, mechanical and structural properties of SPEEK-Silica composite membranes. We compare two different methods-direct sulfonation and co-condensation (sol-gel)-to add sulfonic acid groups to silica nanoparticles, which are used as fillers in SPEEK membranes. The degree of sulfonation (DS) of the cast membranes determined by 1 H NMR ranged from 40% to 86%. TGA-DSC measurement shows higher desulfonation temperatures for the composite membranes, indicating better thermal stability compared to pure SPEEK membranes. DMA results show that the sol-gel membranes are mechanically more stable with a wider operational temperature range than the directly sulfonated and pristine SPEEK membranes. Water uptake of the membranes increases with silica content, indicating the formation of additional water-mediated pathways for proton conduction.

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Section: Nuclear Magnetic Resonancementioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)-functionalised silica composite membranes for applications in proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Rangasamy¹,

Thayumanasundaram²,

Locquet³

et al. 2014

IJNT

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“…Among these polymers, sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) shows promising results while operating in H 2 -O 2 fuel cells. 16 –18 The introduction of sulfonic acid functionality to the polymer backbone makes the polymer more hydrophilic and increases the proton conductivity. PEEK is an aromatic, semicrystalline polymer and thus shows mild solubility in organic solvents because of its crystallinity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New series of organic–inorganic polymer nanocomposite membranes for fuel cell applications

Sivasubramanian¹,

Hariharasubramanian²,

Deivanayagam

2019

High Performance Polymers

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Flexible organic–inorganic polymer nanocomposite membranes with uniformly distributed metal oxide nanoparticles were prepared using sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) as a base material and praseodymium oxide (PSO) as an inorganic additive. The degree of sulfonation of SPEEK was determined by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis and found to be 60%. The characteristic properties of the polymer nanocomposite membranes were examined by thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, ion exchange capacity, water uptake ability, and proton conductivity. The incorporation of metal oxide into the polymer matrix was confirmed by scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analyses. The nanocomposite membrane exhibits good thermal stability when compared to that of the pristine membrane and SPEEK with 10 wt% of PSO loading was found to be stable up to 450°C. The assessment of polymer electrolyte membrane is accomplished by fabricating membrane electrode assemblies of pure SPEEK and SP-PSO-10 membranes and the latter produced maximum peak power density of 622 mW cm−2. The constructed SPEEK/PSO nanocomposite membranes offered superior physicochemical properties while applying these materials in an H2-O2 fuel cell.

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“…In contrast, a low DS value always gives rise to insufficient proton conductivity . In previous studies, semi‐interpenetrating polymer networks (semi‐IPNs), in which one linear or branched polymer is uniformly penetrated into a crosslinking polymer networks, have been recognized to be an effective approach to overcome the swelling problem of SPEEK . It was also found that the acid‐base ion interaction in the composite membranes is beneficial for reducing dimensional swelling of SPEEK .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[20][21][22] In previous studies, semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (semi-IPNs), in which one linear or branched polymer is uniformly penetrated into a crosslinking polymer networks, have been recognized to be an effective approach to overcome the swelling problem of SPEEK. [23][24][25][26][27] It was also found that the acid-base ion interaction in the composite membranes is beneficial for reducing dimensional swelling of SPEEK. [28][29][30] Therefore, many inorganic materials or polymers containing basic groups, such as polydopaminemodified silica nanoparticles, [31] amino-acid functionalized titania, [32] poly(amide imide) [33] and polyaniline, [34][35] have been applied to form acid-base ion pairs with the sulfonic acid groups of SPEEK.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Diamine Cross‐Linker on Semi‐IPNs of BPPO/SPEEK Membranes for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell

et al. 2018

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Low methanol permeability is one of the most critical factors for proton exchange membranes utilized in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). Here, sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) polymer chains are interpenetrated into the semi‐interpenetrating polymer networks (semi‐IPNs) constructed by the alkylation reaction between bromobenzyl groups of bromomethylated poly(phenylene oxide) and amine groups of 2,2′‐(ethylenedioxy)bis(ethylamine) cross‐linker. The influences of crosslinking network contents on the key properties of SPEEK membranes are systematically investigated. Dimensional stability and methanol‐permeability resistance are enhanced as the increase of the crosslinking network contents. The relative selectivity is significantly improved due to the largely reduced methanol permeability. The DMFC assembled by the membrane with 20 wt.% crosslinking networks demonstrates four times higher power output than the Nafion 117 DMFC in 5 M methanol solution.

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Sulfonated Poly(ether ether ketone) and Poly(ethylene glycol) Diacrylate Based Semi-Interpenetrating Network Membranes for Fuel Cells

Cited by 24 publications

References 29 publications

Sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)-functionalised silica composite membranes for applications in proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)-functionalised silica composite membranes for applications in proton exchange membrane fuel cells

New series of organic–inorganic polymer nanocomposite membranes for fuel cell applications

Investigation of Diamine Cross‐Linker on Semi‐IPNs of BPPO/SPEEK Membranes for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell

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