Sulfide Capacity in Ladle Slag at Steelmaking Temperatures

The dependence of sulfide capacity on the oxygen partial pressure for slags containing multivalent species was investigated experimentally using a slag containing vanadium oxide. Copper-slag equilibration experiments were carried out at 1873 K (1600°C) in the approximate oxygen partial pressure range 10 À15.4 to 10 À9 atm. The sulfide capacity was found to be strongly dependent on the oxygen potential in this slag system, increasing with the oxygen partial pressure. The sulfide capacity changed by more than two orders of magnitude over the oxygen partial pressure range. The effect of changing oxygen partial pressure was found to be much greater than the effect of changing slag composition at a fixed oxygen partial pressure.

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“…[5] Only a brief description of the experimental setup is given here. A schematic picture of the experimental setup is given in Figure 1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is not experimentally practical for precisely controlling the oxygen partial pressure. To avoid experimental uncertainties, the C-CO equilibrium was used to impose the lower oxygen pressure according to reaction [5]. [57] C ðgraphite) þ…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Oxygen Potential on the Sulfide Capacity for Slags Containing Multivalent Species

Allertz

Selleby

Sichen

2016

Metall Mater Trans B

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“…9,13,[20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] These studies examine different aspects of the slag system and thus represent a good staging point for the modeling of the whole spectrum of sulphide capacities. The variables of interest were those that are chemically pertinent to the determination of sulphide capacity (LogCs).…”

Section: Visualizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of an Artificial Neural Network to Predict Sulphide Capacities of CaO–SiO2–Al2O3–MgO Slag System

Mostaghel

Chattopadhyay

2017

ISIJ Int.

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Depletion of the high quality ores around the world has forced ferronickel producers to extract metal values from low-grade ore bodies with significant amounts of impurities. Under this condition, maintaining alloy quality is of utmost importance for the smelters; however still, accessibility of a reliable sulphide capacity model for FeNi refining processes is an issue. Many of the current models, such as those incorporating optical basicity, have proven to be erroneous and unreliable for wide ranges of composition and temperature. These models are typically developed and tested without a proper validation method thus allowing for great correlations which may not fare well with the introduction of new data. Models built from fundamental thermodynamic data perform much better in predicting sulphide capacities but are not only complicated to formulate but also too complicated to be used by operators on a day to day basis as multitude of inputs are needed. Hence, development of a reliable model based on fundamentals, which can also be directly used by plant operators is very much demanded by the industry. In the current study, an artificial neural network (ANN) approach has been used to predict sulphide capacities of slag compositions in the CaO-SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 -MgO system with an objective to be used in ferronickel refining processes. The resulting models are evaluated on: 1) coefficient of multiple determination (R 2 ), 2) correlation strength (r), 3) root mean square error (RMSE) and 4) computation speed. The ANN based model has shown to be superior in predicting sulphide capacities to current models.

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“…The experimental setup is schematically shown in Figure . A detailed description of the setup and experimental procedure can be found in a recent publication . Only a brief description is given here to orientate the reader.…”

Section: Laboratory Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CO 2 was used to obtain an oxygen partial pressure of 2.23 × 10 −12 atm at 1773 K. The furnace was then heated up to the equilibration temperature at a heating rate of 2 K min −1 . In order to ensure that the equilibrium is attained, the samples were kept at respective temperatures of studies for 24 h . After the equilibration time, the samples were quenched by fast moving the assembly into the quenching chamber and at the same time blow them with high flow rate of argon gas.…”

Section: Laboratory Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Equilibrium of Slag and Hot Metal at Tapping with Respect to Sulfur

Condo

Lindstrom

Sichen

2016

steel research int.

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The blast furnace slag and hot metal are collected from the industrial trials. The collected slag and hot metal samples are re‐melted in a graphite crucible and stirred to investigate the sulfur partition at different stirring times. The experimental oxygen potential is well controlled to simulate the blast furnace conditions. The results show evidently that sulfur is transferred from hot metal to slag, which lead to an increase in the sulfur partition from its initial value (t = 0 min) of 26–33 at 1743 K, and from 23 to 37 at 1773 K after 30 min of slag‐metal reaction. The results strongly indicate non‐equilibrium between slag and hot metal at tapping. The sulfide capacities of the slag with typical composition of the slag at tapping are determined. On the basis of the sulfide capacity data, the theoretical sulfur partition is evaluated. The theoretically calculated partition further supports the finding obtained in the stirring experiments. This finding would suggest the possibility of improvement to increase the usage of blast furnace slag in desulfurization.

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Sulfide Capacity in Ladle Slag at Steelmaking Temperatures

Cited by 18 publications

References 11 publications

The Effect of Oxygen Potential on the Sulfide Capacity for Slags Containing Multivalent Species

The Effect of Oxygen Potential on the Sulfide Capacity for Slags Containing Multivalent Species

Development of an Artificial Neural Network to Predict Sulphide Capacities of CaO–SiO<sub>2</sub>–Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–MgO Slag System

Study on the Equilibrium of Slag and Hot Metal at Tapping with Respect to Sulfur

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