Sulfate formation: Catalyst and gas-phase composition effects in pulsators and comparison of three-way with oxidation catalysts

Abstract

breakthrough time is inversely proportional to velocity. However, a change in inlet concentration from 100 to 200 ppm (Figure 7 ) does not affect breakthrough time significantly. Apparently, an increase in inlet concentration does not increase rate of saturation of bed due to accompanying increase in flow of coalesced drops on downstream side.A major cost factor in using present day filter/coalescers is the replacement cost of the one-shot cartridges which are generally used. Since the steam cost is negligible, element cost will be reduced in direct proportion to the number of regenerations. Additionally the labor cost in regeneration is very small compared to that involved in changing elements. A design has been presented (2, 10) which allows large scale filter/coalescer units to be constructed using filter press construction and stabilized fiber glass medium.

The Effects of Fuel Combustion Products on Antioxidant Consumption in a Synthetic Engine Oil

“…Although the pulse-flame generator (Otto et al, 1974) does not duplicate processes such as flame quenching by cylinder walls and the mixing which occurs in an engine, it does provide a convenient laboratory method for the controlled combustion of fuels and the rapid transport of the combustion products to a subsystem for study. The pulse-flame generator has been used as a method for studying performance of automotive exhaust catalysts under various conditions yielding results which correlate well with results from engine studies (Otto et al, 1974;Otto and Montreuil, 1976; Gandhi et al, 1977; Otto and Sulak, 1978).…”

Effects of manganese deposits from MMT on automotive catalysts in the absence and presence of other fuel additives

“…These changes are not very large and are probably partially caused by Mn deposits upstream of the catalyst. The activity of catalysts containing metals of the Pt-group toward the formation of sulfuric acid was very sensitive to aging and poisoning, when measured as a function of CO concentration in previous pulse-flame tests (11). For this reason, we compared the catalyst buttons, aged in the MMT program, for their activity in the formation of SO3.…”