Suitable photo-resists for two-photon polymerization using femtosecond fiber lasers

Abstract

We present suitable materials with good optical and mechanical properties, simple processing, efficient 34 and optimized for two-photon polymerization (TPP) with femtosecond fiber lasers. We selected readily

Optically Clear and Resilient Free-Form µ-Optics 3D-Printed via Ultrafast Laser Lithography

“…Hybrid organic-inorganic polymers have emerged as great materials for fabricating objects in both 2D and 3D configurations [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. They are the material of choice for lithographic 3D femtosecond laser structuring due to several convenient features, which include optical transparency in the visible part of the spectrum [ 4 ] and the use of photoinitiators (PI) absorbing the UV radiation [ 5 , 6 , 7 ]. The latter makes them perfectly suitable for multiphoton polymerization [ 5 , 8 ] achieved by an ultrafast laser and employed in true free-form structuring by 3D laser lithography (3DLL) [ 9 ].…”

Optically Clear and Resilient Free-Form <em>&micro;</em>-Optics 3D-Printed via Ultrafast Laser Lithography

“…In 3DLL a well chosen photoinitiator (PI) can improve fabrication throughput and structure qualities for a material used [6,7,[19][20][21]. The set of fabrication parameters needed for structuring material is generally refereed as fabrication window.…”

“…They are choice material for 3D femtosecond laser structuring due to several convenient features. Those include optical transparency in the visible part of the spectrum [4] and use of photoinitiators absorbing the UV radiation [5][6][7]. Later makes them perfectly suitable for multiphoton polymerization [5,8] achieved by ultrafast laser and employed in true free-form structuring by 3D laser lithography (3DLL) [9].…”

3D Micro-Optics Via Ultrafast Laser Writing: Miniaturization, Integration, and Multifunctionalities

“…For instance, the materials designed for 3D direct laser writing (DLW) are not fully (or barely at all) characterized [30,31] and their optical performance and reliability [32,33] have to be established. For instance, the materials designed for 3D direct laser writing (DLW) are not fully (or barely at all) characterized [30,31] and their optical performance and reliability [32,33] have to be established.…”