Suitability of marginal biomass-derived biochars for soil amendment

Buss, Wolfram; Graham, Margaret C.; Shepherd, Jessica G.; Mašek, Ondřej

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.11.148

Cited by 111 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Ten biochars produced at 550°C from 10 different feedstocks are shown. Data are based on Buss et al (2016a,b). R 2 = 0.76, SE of the estimate = 4.8762, p value determined via ANOVA = 0.001.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, 1 M NH 4 NO 3 –extractable P concentrations and total Ca concentration were determined in 10 different biochars produced at 550°C to investigate the relationship between the parameters. Details of the biochars, analytical procedures, and the results have previously been reported (Buss et al, 2016a,b). The following feedstocks were used: demolition wood, Arundo donax L., sugarcane ( Saccharum spp.)…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An exponential curve of type f = ae − bx was fitted to previously published data for total Ca concentrations in 550°C biochars (Buss et al, 2016b) and percentage P availability based on NH 4 NO 3 extractions (Buss et al, 2016a) using the least‐squares method. All statistical analyses were conducted using SigmaPlot 13 (Systat Software, 2014) and a significance level of p < 0.05.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biochar Phosphorus Release Is Limited by High pH and Excess Calcium

et al. 2018

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Aside from its use for improving soil properties, biochar is increasingly promoted as a direct nutrient provider for sustainable recycling of waste materials. However, incomplete understanding of the interacting factors that determine P release from biochar may limit the efficiency of P recycling from biochar to soil. In particular, the contrasting pH of biochar and soil need to be considered. In this study, soil‐free biochar (rice [Oryza sativa L.] husk, 700°C) extractions were performed under different pH (4.6–9.9) and extractant conditions to test how solution composition affects biochar P release. When solution pH was in the range of 7.6 to 8.6 and excess Ca was present in the solution or in biochar, P release was low—only 1 to 7% of the total P was released compared with ∼20% under most other conditions. Importantly, we demonstrate that biochar total Ca concentration is closely related to P availability (R2 = 0.76) and could be used to predict biochar P release. The results suggest that for maximum P release, low Ca concentrations in biochar and (soil) solution are needed and/or a pH <7.5 at the soil‐biochar interface. This novel understanding will help engineer sustainable biochar fertilizers optimized for P provision. Core Ideas Phosphorus release from rice husk biochar was investigated. Soil‐free extractions were performed at different pH and solution compositions. The lowest P release occurred at pH 7.6 to 8.6 and in the presence of excess Ca. A conceptual model was developed of biochar P release in different soil conditions. Biochars with Ca <1% and/or pH <7.5 are optimal for maximum P release to soil.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biochar Phosphorus Release Is Limited by High pH and Excess Calcium

et al. 2018

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“…Differences in chemical composition of fecal wastes, as affected by diets (Mihelcic et al, 2011) and management, could influence characteristics of biochar produced from sewage sludge and latrine fecal wastes. Pyrolysis of these marginal organic materials to biochar could maximize their benefits (van Zwieten et al, 2010;Buss et al, 2016). The objective of this study was to determine effects of pyrolysis temperature on yield, characteristics and cadmium sorption capacities of biochar from latrine wastes relative to sewage sludge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar Types from Latrine Waste and Sewage Sludge Differ in Physico-Chemical Properties and Cadmium Adsorption

Koetlisi¹,

Muchaonyerwa²

2017

American Journal of Applied Sciences

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Pyrolysis of latrine fecal waste could produce valuable products for minimizing environmental contamination with heavy metals. The objective of this study was to determine yields, characteristics and cadmium (Cd) sorption of biochar from latrine fecal waste and sewage sludge, as affected by pyrolysis temperature. Slow pyrolysis at 350, 550 and 650°C, was used to produce the biochar. In addition to proximate and ultimate analysis, surface area, porosity and functional groups were analyzed. A batch sorption study was conducted to determine the cadmium sorption capacity of the biochar. Biochar from latrine waste had higher yield, ash content, surface area and pore volume and lower total and fixed carbon (C) and volatile matter than from sewage sludge. Yield, volatile matter, total C, nitrogen (N) and hydrogen (H) decreased with pyrolysis temperature, while ash content, surface area and porosity increased. Surface functional groups of the biochar also varied with feedstock and pyrolysis temperature. The Cd sorption capacities were higher for biochar from latrine waste than from sewage sludge. The findings indicated that characteristics of biochar from latrine waste differ from that of sewage sludge origin and has greater potential as an adsorbent for removal of Cd from wastewater.

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“…The basic physical properties of the contaminated soil samples including the pH levels, the nitrogen and the phosphorus content were determined on the basis of a soil-agricultural-chemical process [15,16]. Ultrasonic-Soxhle extraction method of hydrocarbon in oil were analyzed, and column chromatography in combination with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to analyze the pollutant compositions [19].…”

Section: Soil Sampling and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Abiotic Factors on Microbial Characteristics of Petroleum Contaminated Soils in Northern China

Zhang¹,

Hu²,

Jia³

2016

JRST

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ABSTRACT:In this study, the microbial community and the physico-chemical properties of soil samples from seven oil-fields in the north of China were analyzed using multiple methods. The study's purpose was to analyze the influence of abiotic factors on the microbial activity and the biotic community. By using the Ultrasonic-Soxhle extraction method of hydrocarbon in oil composition were analyzed, and column chromatography combined with GC-MS was used to analyze the contaminant composition. The results showed that the highest oil concentrations in the soil reached 97.3 g/kg dry soil, which amounts to about 500-1,000 times higher than the background in uncontaminated soil. Moreover, the average nutrient content of contaminated soils was lower than the unpolluted controls. The total bacterial load in the soil was measured using the most probable number (MPN) method and the microbial activity was determined by fluorescein diacetate (FDA) activity. The results showed that soil contaminated with oil seriously affects and limits the microbial populations and their activities. The water content of the soil was the key limiting factor of the microbial populations and the FDA activity. With a water content of 6%, oil content below 15%, and a pH of 7.5-8.0, the conditions supported the highest levels of microbial growth and activity. Microbial populations were 10-100 times and the FDA activity was 2-5 times lower in samples originating from the arid Northwest of China compared to samples from Northwest China. In the northwestern region the microbial diversity was 3 times higher. The microbial communities were limited and suppressed whereby the local environment, the temperature, the water content and the oil content were the key factors that induced the biodiversity of the soil contaminated with oil in different analyses of the geography and the climate environment.

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Suitability of marginal biomass-derived biochars for soil amendment

Cited by 111 publications

References 49 publications

Biochar Phosphorus Release Is Limited by High pH and Excess Calcium

Biochar Phosphorus Release Is Limited by High pH and Excess Calcium

Biochar Types from Latrine Waste and Sewage Sludge Differ in Physico-Chemical Properties and Cadmium Adsorption

Effects of Abiotic Factors on Microbial Characteristics of Petroleum Contaminated Soils in Northern China

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