Sugar Surfactant‐Based Shampoos

Abstract

Naturally derived surfactants in hair care products are a trend in cosmetic technology. This study aimed to formulate and fully characterize the performance of shampoos with sugar‐derived surfactants, namely, the alkyl polyglucosides decyl glucoside and coco‐glucoside. In addition, different thickeners and conditioning ingredients were added to improve the formulation properties. A sodium laureth sulfate (SLES) formulation was used as control. Rheology, pH, foaming, contact angles on a keratin surface, and surface tensions were determined. The safety of the formulations was evaluated by in vitro cytotoxicity studies using the human keratinocyte HaCaT cell line and human retinal pigment epithelial cells ARPE‐19. The efficacies were studied by in vitro hair combing force assays and in vivo sensorial analysis. The formulated sugar surfactant‐based shampoos showed the following properties: (i) pH values higher than those of SLES (which were posteriorly lowered with lactic acid); (ii) higher foamability than SLES, and high wettability; (iii) Newtonian behavior and predominance of liquid state with a suitable viscosity; (iv) low cytotoxicity in both human keratinocytes and retinal cell lines (in contrast to SLES); (v) easier hair combing than SLES, when Polyquaternium‐7 was used as conditioner; (vi) efficient and gentle hair washing; and (vii) favorable sensorial analysis confirming the previous washing properties. In conclusion, the sugar surfactants had a considerable impact in the properties of the shampoo formulations, in terms of both hair cleansing properties and efficacy, as demonstrated here. These favorable outcomes clearly support the use of these ingredients in shampoo formulation design.

Synthesis and Performance of Biobased Surfactants Prepared by the One-Pot Reductive Amination of l-Arabinose and d-Galacturonic Acid

“…SDS and SLES are commercial surfactants and known to be harsh on the skin. 34 Hence, SDS is set as a default of 100 to compare with the potentials of other surfactants, which are all executed in Duplo (Table S2 and Page S12). Moreover, the surfactants were measured at different pH values, a pH of 4−5, 7, and at its original pH as is.…”

“…Notably, it is an indication of its harshness to the skin and allows a comparison of our surfactants to some commercially available surfactants, even though in vivo testing is always the most ideal for measuring mildness. SDS and SLES are commercial surfactants and known to be harsh on the skin . Hence, SDS is set as a default of 100 to compare with the potentials of other surfactants, which are all executed in Duplo (Table S2 and Page S12).…”

Freeze-Dried Matrices Composed of Degradable Polymers with Surfactant-Loaded Microparticles Based on Pectin and Sodium Alginate

“…Surfactants, in other words surface-active agents, consist of nonpolar long carbon chains with a polar head. The hydrophobic part interacts with fat-soluble ingredients, while the hydrophilic part attracts water-soluble components [ 39 , 40 ]. Surfactants have the capability to reduce the intermolecular forces, thus lowering the surface or interfacial tension [ 41 ].…”

Simple ApproximaTion for Aggregation Number Determination by Isothermal Titration Calorimetry: STAND-ITC

“…The surfactant industry is ubiquitous and highly dynamic. The main market is related to household or industrial detergents for cleaning, but many other applications including some related to the agricultural chemicals, pharmaceutical, paints, coatings, textile, and food industries are also extremely important. − New surfactants, both natural and artificially synthesized, are continuously being discovered and employed to optimize commercial products by lowering their toxicity, making them cheaper or increasing the control of their properties for a better performance. ,− …”