Sudden Cardiac Death in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Vedanthan, Rajesh; Fuster, Valentín; Fischer, Avi

doi:10.1016/j.gheart.2012.10.002

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…We are aware of one prospective report from sub-Saharan Africa; in Douala, Cameroon, it was estimated that SCD incidence was 33.6 per 100,000 through a three-level case reporting and ascertainment system [32]. There is a paucity of data from other less developed regions of the world; although there are some reports on SCD using autopsy, inhospital, and defibrillator information, these are insufficient to estimate the true incidence of SCD in these regions [33,34].…”

Section: Other Global Regionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Sudden Cardiac Death: Global and Regional Perspectives

Wong

Brown

Lau

et al. 2019

Heart, Lung and Circulation

388

234

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Despite advancements in prevention and treatment, sudden cardiac death (SCD) remains a leading cause of mortality and is responsible for approximately half of all deaths from cardiovascular disease. Outcomes continue to remain poor following a sudden cardiac arrest, with most individuals not surviving. Although coronary heart disease remains the dominant underlying condition, our understanding of SCD is improving through greater knowledge of clinical risk factors, cardiomyopathies, and primary arrhythmic disorders. However, despite a growing wealth of information from studies in North America, Europe, and Japan, data from other global regions (and particularly from low-and middle-income countries) remains scarce.

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Section: Other Global Regionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Sudden Cardiac Death: Global and Regional Perspectives

Wong

Brown

Lau

et al. 2019

Heart, Lung and Circulation

388

234

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Studies have identified hypertensive heart disease, coronary disease, cardiomyopathy, and valvular heart disease, especially rheumatic heart disease, in heterogeneous orders, as the most common causes of SCA/SCD among adults in SSA [61,64,67,69,[71][72][73], while malaria was the prominent cause among the pediat- Cases of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy have been reported in Black Africans [74,75]. Little was known about arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) in SSA, but registry data from South Africa revealed similar clinical presentation and an annual SCA/SCD rate comparable to other large registries from the Western World [76,77].…”

Section: Reported Underlying Etiologies Of Sca/scd and Ventricular Armentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reported underlying etiologies of SCA/SCD and ventricular arrhythmias in SSA are shown in Table 3 . Studies have identified hypertensive heart disease, coronary disease, cardiomyopathy, and valvular heart disease, especially rheumatic heart disease , in heterogeneous orders, as the most common causes of SCA/SCD among adults in SSA [ 61 64 67 69 71 72 73 ], while malaria was the prominent cause among the pediatric victims [ 57 66 ]. Malignant arrhythmogenic inherited diseases have been identified in Blacks in SSA.…”

Section: Sudden Cardiac Arrest/sudden Cardiac Deathmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of the Spectrum of Cardiac Arrhythmias in Sub-Saharan Africa

Yuyun

Bonny

et al. 2020

Global Heart

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Major structural cardiovascular diseases are associated with cardiac arrhythmias, but their full spectrum remains unknown in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), which we addressed in this systematic review. Atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter (AF/AFL) prevalence is 16-22% in heart failure, 10-28% in rheumatic heart disease, 3-7% in cardiology admissions, but <1% in the general population. Use of oral anticoagulation is heterogenous (9-79%) across SSA. The epidemiology of sudden cardiac arrest/death is less characterized in SSA. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is challenging, owing to low awareness and lack of equipment for life-support. About 18% of SSA countries have no cardiac implantable electronic devices services, leaving hundreds of millions of people without any access to treatment for advanced bradyarrhythmias, and implant rates are more than 200-fold lower than in the western world. Management of tachyarrhythmias is largely noninvasive (about 80% AF/AFL via rate-controlled strategy only), as electrophysiological study and catheter ablation centers are almost non-existent in most countries. Highlights:-Atrial fibrillation/flutter prevalence is 16-22% in heart failure, 10-28% in rheumatic heart disease, 3-7% in cardiology admissions, and <1% in the general population in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).-Rates of oral anticoagulation use for CHA2DS2VASC score ≥2 are very diverse (9-79%) across SSA countries.-Data on sudden cardiac arrest are scant in SSA with low cardiopulmonary resuscitation awareness.-Low rates of cardiac implantable electronic devices insertions and rarity of invasive arrhythmia treatment centers are seen in SSA, relative to the high-income countries.

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“…Low-income and middle-income countries contain the bulk of the world’s population, and their residents carry an increasing burden of cardiovascular risk factors placing them at risk of SCD 35. Preliminary data suggest that the majority of SCD is occurring in regions without SCD registries, accurate methods of codifying cause of death and very poor clinical outcomes 35. Further capturing this information and undertaking quantitative analysis to drive advocacy is essential.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac arrest and sudden cardiac death registries: a systematic review of global coverage

et al. 2020

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BackgroundSudden cardiac death (SCD) is a major global health problem, accounting for up to 20% of deaths in Western societies. Clinical quality registries have been shown in a range of disease conditions to improve clinical management, reduce variation in care and improve outcomes.AimTo identify existing cardiac arrest (CA) and SCD registries, characterising global coverage and methods of data capture and validation.MethodsBiomedical and public search engines were searched with the terms ‘registry cardio*’; ‘sudden cardiac death registry’ and ‘cardiac arrest registry’. Registries were categorised as either CA, SCD registries or ‘other’ according to prespecified criteria. SCD registry coordinators were contacted for contemporaneous data regarding registry details.ResultsOur search strategy identified 49 CA registries, 15 SCD registries and 9 other registries (ie, epistries). Population coverage of contemporary CA and SCD registries is highly variable with registries densely concentrated in North America and Western Europe. Existing SCD registries (n=15) cover a variety of age ranges and subpopulations, with some enrolling surviving patients (n=8) and family members (n=5). Genetic data are collected by nine registries, with the majority of these (n=7) offering indefinite storage in a biorepository.ConclusionsMany CA registries exist globally, although with inequitable population coverage. Comprehensive multisource surveillance SCD registries are fewer in number and more challenging to design and maintain. Challenges identified include maximising case identification and case verification.Trial registration numberCRD42019118910.

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Sudden Cardiac Death in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Cited by 17 publications

References 59 publications

Epidemiology of Sudden Cardiac Death: Global and Regional Perspectives

Epidemiology of Sudden Cardiac Death: Global and Regional Perspectives

A Systematic Review of the Spectrum of Cardiac Arrhythmias in Sub-Saharan Africa

Cardiac arrest and sudden cardiac death registries: a systematic review of global coverage

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