Successful Radical Pneumonectomy for a Primitive Neuroendodermal Tumor in the Lung: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Abstract

Peripheral primitive neuroendodermal tumors (PNETs) and Ewing's sarcoma belong to the Ewing family of tumors and are small round-cell malignancies originating from spinal cord cells. These tumors account for 5% of all small round-cell malignant neoplasms. PNETs that arise from the lung parenchyma without pleural or chest wall involvement are very rare. We report a case of an adult female with a large pulmonary PNET who had given birth just 1 month prior to the diagnosis. She had cough and expectoration for 6 months, and the preoperative examination showed no metastases. Thus, we performed radical pneumonectomy and lymph node dissection. The patient recovered well without surgical complications and was discharged 7 days after the surgery. Postoperative pathology confirmed that the tumor was a small round-cell malignancy, and the tumor cells were positive for CD99, Friend leukemia virus integration 1 (FLI-1), and neuron-specific enolase (NSE), which was consistent with the diagnosis of a PNET. For primary large pulmonary PNETs, radical pneumonectomy may be a safe surgical method, worthy of further application in clinical practice.

Primary EWS/PNET of the lung with TP53 germline and SKT11 somatic mutation: A case report and review of the literature

“…Standard first‐line treatment consists of alternating chemotherapy with vincristine, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, and etoposide. Chemotherapy has previously been reported to improve patient survival rate following radical surgery 13 . The patient reported here opted for neoadjuvant therapy and N2 lymph node metastasis occurred, how to proceed with the next treatment, chemotherapy, or radiation therapy?…”

“…Chemotherapy has previously been reported to improve patient survival rate following radical surgery. 13 The patient reported here opted for neoadjuvant therapy and N2 lymph node metastasis occurred, how to proceed with the next treatment, chemotherapy, or radiation therapy? The patient refused chemotherapy after surgery because of obvious myelosuppression due to the side-effects caused by chemotherapy.…”

Application of Anlotinib Combined With Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Primary EWS/PNET of Lung: A Case Report

“…Standard first-line treatment consists of alternating chemotherapy with vincristine, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, and etoposide. Chemotherapy can improve the survival rate after radical surgery ( 18 ). Tumor angiogenesis plays an important role in tumor, so it has become a hot topic in molecular targeted therapy.…”