Successful management of intestinal pseudo‐obstruction in a dog

Murtagh, Kevin; Oldroyd, Lucy; Ressel, Lorenzo; Batchelor, Daniel J.

doi:10.1136/vetreccr-2013-000025

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…CIPO is a syndrome characterised by chronic intestinal dilation without mechanical obstruction, caused by dysmotility of the intestinal loops. 4 It is well recognised in people, and has been described in the veterinary literature, mostly in dogs, 5 – 16 and also in three horses, 17 – 19 two cats 20 , 21 and a cow. 22…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most often, they are fibrosis and inflammatory infiltration of the tunica muscularis. 6 – 12 , 15 , 16 Some other cases described an autonomous nervous system ganglioneuritis with inflammatory parietal lesions in a dog and two horses. 13 , 18 , 19 In the canine cases diagnosed with visceral myopathy, 6 , 8 , 9 , 11 , 12 leiomyositis 7 , 10 , 15 , 16 or sclerosing enteropathy, 14 the myenteric plexi were either normal 6 , 7 , 9 , 12 , 14 or exhibited some degree of lymphocytic inflammation, 8 , 10 , 15 considered less significant than the other lesions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction associated with enteric ganglionitis in a Persian cat

Mortier

Elissalt

Palierne

et al. 2016

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports

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Case summary A 7-year-old neutered male Persian cat was presented for acute vomiting and inappetence. Physical examination revealed severe abdominal distension. Radiographs demonstrated pneumoperitoneum, megaoesophagus and generalised gaseous distension of the digestive tract. Exploratory coeliotomy was performed, revealing markedly distended and thickened small and large intestines with no observable peristalsis. No intestinal perforation was present. Bacteriological and cytological analysis of abdominal fluid revealed a septic peritonitis involving Pasteurella multocida. Full-thickness intestinal biopsies demonstrated lymphocytic ganglioneuritis localised to the enteric nervous system, in association with glandular atrophy and muscular layer hypertrophy. Amoxicillin-clavulanate and analgesics were given. The cat’s general condition gradually improved after the addition of pyridostigmine bromide (0.5 mg/kg q12h PO), initiated 3 days postsurgery. Vomiting resolved and did not recur. Follow-up radiographs at 15 days, and 1 and 6 months showed persistent intestinal ileus, milder than on the pretreatment radiographs. Thirty months after presentation the cat is still alive, without clinical signs, and receives 1 mg/kg q12h pyridostigmine.Relevance and novel information To our knowledge, this is the first case of ganglioneuritis of the myenteric plexus described in cats, as well as the first one successfully treated with pyridostigmine. Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction is a very rare condition in cats but should be included in the differential diagnosis of generalised gastrointestinal ileus.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction associated with enteric ganglionitis in a Persian cat

Mortier

Elissalt

Palierne

et al. 2016

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports

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“…The reason for these unique features is not clear. A dense T-cell infiltrate without fibrosis has been associated with early-stage of disease (Murtagh, 2013), while B-cell infiltrates may represent either a later inflammatory response or a consequence of superficial inflammation. The latter, also observed in this dog, is a frequent secondary finding in CIPO and has been associated with bacterial overgrowth (Connor and Di Lorenzo, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Particularly, a variety of prokinetics drugs, eg, erythromycin, metoclopramide, domperidone, neostigmine, serotoninergic agents, prostaglandins and somatostatins analogs have been used with variable results (Di Lorenzo, 1999;Sanger, 2009). In the veterinary literature, except for a recent case (Murtagh, 2013), symptomatic and immunosuppressive therapies have been unsuccessfull. The lack of clinical response observed here may have been due to a late diagnosis, as supported by the long history of gastrointestinal signs before presentation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In human medicine, pseudo-obstruction syndrome may be either acute or chronic (Di Lorenzo, 1999). The chronic form has been described in different animal species including dogs (Dvir et al, 2001;Eastwood et al, 2005;Johnson et al, 2007;Vandenberge et al, 2009;Murtagh, 2013). The acute form has been associated with abdominal surgery, peritonitis, hypo-kalemia, spinal or pelvic trauma, viral enteritis, pancreatitis, intestinal infarction, anticholinergic and opioid therapy (De Giorgio et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An unusual case of intestinal leiomyositis in a Bernese mountain dog

Gianella¹,

Tecilla²,

Bellino³

et al. 2015

SAT

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A 1-year-old, female Bernese mountain dog was presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Turin University with a 3-month history of weight loss, intermittent anorexia, vomiting, constipation, and abdominal distension. Full-thickness biopsies from the stomach, duodenum, jejunum and ileum were collected for histological and immunohistochemical examination. Microscopic lesions displayed severe diffuse degeneration and loss of leiomyocytes, with lymphocytic leiomyositis, fibroplasia, angiogenesis, severe diffuse neuronal atrophy, and ganglioneuritis in the myenteric (Auerbach's) plexus. A diagnosis of chronic idiopatic intestinal pseudo-obstruction was made. Response to immunosuppressive therapy was poor and the dog was humanely euthanized. Unique findings were mononuclear infiltration composed predominantly of B-cell, angiogenesis and weak immunoreactivity for neuron-specific enolase.

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Lymphocytic myenteric ganglionitis associated with equine herpesvirus infection: A cause of chronic intestinal pseudo‐obstruction and recurrent colic in an adult horse

Magalhães,

Palmers,

De Cock

et al. 2023

Equine Veterinary Education

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SummaryThis report describes a rare case of chronic intestinal pseudo‐obstruction (CIPO) in a 12‐year‐old Quarter Horse gelding, caused by lymphocytic myenteric ganglionitis (MG) associated with equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV‐1) and equine herpesvirus 5 (EHV‐5) infection. The horse presented with recurrent colic and weight loss over 1.5 years. Repetitive transrectal examinations consistently revealed small colon impaction and enlargement. During postmortem examination alternating segments of enlarged and reduced luminal diameter were observed throughout the entire intestinal tract. MG with lymphocytic infiltrates and neuronal degeneration of the large intestine were found on histopathological analysis. Additionally, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis confirmed the presence of EHV‐1 and EHV‐5 DNA in affected intestinal tissues. Further research is needed to understand the pathophysiology of MG and its association with herpesviruses. Early recognition and diagnosis of MG‐associated CIPO may improve treatment approaches and outcomes for future cases.

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Successful management of intestinal pseudo‐obstruction in a dog

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction associated with enteric ganglionitis in a Persian cat

Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction associated with enteric ganglionitis in a Persian cat

An unusual case of intestinal leiomyositis in a Bernese mountain dog

Lymphocytic myenteric ganglionitis associated with equine herpesvirus infection: A cause of chronic intestinal pseudo‐obstruction and recurrent colic in an adult horse

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