Subunit of an alpha-interferon-responsive transcription factor is related to interferon regulatory factor and Myb families of DNA-binding proteins.

Abstract

Alpha interferon stimulates transcription by converting the positive transcriptional regulator ISGF3 from a latent to an active form. This receptor-mediated event occurs in the cytoplasm, with subsequent translocation of the activated factor to the nucleus. ISGF3 has two components, termed ISGF3a and ISGF3'y. ISGF3-y serves as the DNA (19,21,45,55). Transcriptional stimulation in response to IFN treatment, like induction of IFN genes by virus, is mediated by preexisting, latent cellular proteins that become activated in response to the signaling pathway (11,18,22,44,51,53). An important regulatory step unique to the response to IFN-a treatment is activation of a transcription factor that recognizes a conserved cisacting DNA element (the IFN-stimulated response element, or ISRE) located within the regulatory sequences of target genes (9,50,61,66

Regulation of IFN‐α/β genes: evidence for a dual function of the transcription factor complex ISGF3 in the production and action of IFN‐α/β

“…We observe that the pretreatment of cells by IFNs results in the accumulation of the ISGF3 complex, possibly as a result of the synthesis of the various components of the complex. For example, the expression of p48 in EFs is low (Kawakami et al 1995) but can be induced by IFNs (Veals et al 1992). Furthermore, the effect of priming for EFs is sensitive to CHX (T. Fujita.…”

“…The p48 expression vector, pGD48 was constructed by the insertion of a ClaI-EcoRI fragment from clone 38-1 (Veals et al 1992) into pGD (Daley et al 1990). p48 -/-EFs (1 × 10 6 cells/6 cm dish) were transfected by the DEAE-dextran method ) with 8.5 mg of p55a4luc as a reporter, 0.5 mg of pGD or pGD48 as an effector and 0.5 mg of pbact-CAT9 (Fregien & Davidson 1986) as an internal control.…”

Interferon regulatory factor-2 in orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides): Gene, inductive expression pattern and subcellular localization

“…The IRF family is first and best characterized as transcriptional regulators of type I IFNs and IFN-inducible genes, and now is also recognized for a pivotal part in regulating many facets of innate and adaptive immune responses. In this family, ten members have been reported and each IRF contains a well-conserved N-terminal DNA-binding domain (DBD) of about 120 amino acids that have five conserved tryptophan repeats and bear a resemblance to the DBD of Myb transcription factors (Taniguchi et al, 2001;Veals et al, 1992). The less well-conserved C-terminal region acts as a regulatory domain and is used to classify IRFs into three groups: activators (IRF-1, IRF-3, IRF-7, IRF-9), repressors (IRF-2, IRF-8), and bi-functional ones that are able to both activate and repress gene transcription depending on the target gene (IRF-2, IRF-4, IRF-5, IRF-8) (Stellacci et al, 2004).…”

Co-occupancy of the interferon regulatory element of the class II transactivator (CIITA) Type IV promoter by interferon regulatory factors 1 and 2

“…The interferon regulatory factor (IRF) family is composed of several structurally related proteins including IRF-1 (Harada et al, 1989;Pine et al, 1990), IRF-2 (Harada et al, 1989), ICSBP (Nelson et al, 1993), ISGF3g (Veals et al, 1992), IRF-3 (Grant et al, 1995), IRF-7 (Zhang and Pagano, 1997), Pip (Eisenbeis et al, 1995), and LSIRF (Yamagata et al, 1996), which play a vital role in the regulation of interferon (IFN)-and virus-mediated responses. IRF-1 and IRF-2 are generally regarded as a pair of mutually antagonizing transcription factors.…”