Subtropical cyclones over the oceanic basins: a review

Rocha, Rosmeri Porfírio da; Reboita, Michelle Simões; Gozzo, Luiz Felippe; Dutra, Lívia Márcia Mosso; Jesús, Eduardo de

doi:10.1111/nyas.13927

Cited by 36 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…Subtropical cyclones occur in most ocean basins, and their thermal structure is characterized by a warm core at low levels and a cold core at upper levels (e.g., see [125] for a comprehensive review). While their genesis occurs in the subtropics, the cyclones can propagate into the midlatitudes [126].…”

Section: Subtropical Cyclonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Future of Midlatitude Cyclones

Catto

Ackerley

Booth

et al. 2019

Curr Clim Change Rep

112

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Purpose of Review This review brings together recent research on the structure, characteristics, dynamics, and impacts of extratropical cyclones in the future. It draws on research using idealized models and complex climate simulations, to evaluate what is known and unknown about these future changes. Recent Findings There are interacting processes that contribute to the uncertainties in future extratropical cyclone changes, e.g., changes in the horizontal and vertical structure of the atmosphere and increasing moisture content due to rising temperatures. Summary While precipitation intensity will most likely increase, along with associated increased latent heating, it is unclear to what extent and for which particular climate conditions this will feedback to increase the intensity of the cyclones. Future research could focus on bridging the gap between idealized models and complex climate models, as well as better understanding of the regional impacts of future changes in extratropical cyclones. Keywords Extratropical cyclones. Climate change. Windstorms. Idealized model. CMIP models This article is part of the Topical Collection on Mid-latitude Processes and Climate Change

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Section: Subtropical Cyclonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Future of Midlatitude Cyclones

Catto

Ackerley

Booth

et al. 2019

Curr Clim Change Rep

112

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“…They are frequently referred to as medicanes (MEDIterranean hurriCANES [2]) due to their resemblance to tropical cyclones. Recently, Fita and Flaounas [3] studied the medicane of December 2005 and suggested that TLCs are hybrid systems, which may exhibit features of both tropical and extratropical cyclones, and can be classified as part of the wider category of subtropical cyclones [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity of a Mediterranean Tropical-Like Cyclone to Physical Parameterizations

et al. 2018

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The accurate prediction of Mediterranean tropical-like cyclones, or medicanes, is an important challenge for numerical weather prediction models due to their significant adverse impact on the environment, life, and property. The aim of this study is to investigate the sensitivity of an intense medicane, which formed south of Sicily on 7 November 2014, to the microphysical, cumulus, and boundary/surface layer schemes. The non-hydrostatic Weather Research and Forecasting model (version 3.7.1) is employed. A symmetric cyclone with a deep warm core, corresponding to a medicane, develops in all of the experiments, except for the one with the Thompson microphysics. There is a significant sensitivity of different aspects of the simulated medicane to the physical parameterizations. Its intensity is mainly influenced by the boundary/surface layer scheme, while its track is mainly influenced by the representation of cumulus convection, and its duration is mainly influenced by microphysical parameterization. The modification of the drag coefficient and the roughness lengths of heat and moisture seems to improve its intensity, track, and duration. The parameterization of shallow convection, with explicitly resolved deep convection, results in a weaker medicane with a shorter lifetime. An optimum combination of physical parameterizations in order to simulate all of the characteristics of the medicane does not seem to exist.

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“…Although subtropical cyclones have been mentioned in the literature since the 1960s (e.g., Reference [7]), greater attention to these systems only occurred after Reference [4] had developed the Cyclone Phase Space (CPS) methodology to classify cyclone types. The CPS application has contributed to the identification of subtropical cyclones over different oceanic basins, as synthesized by Reference [8], and with this information some studies have investigated their precursors. According to the References [6,[8][9][10][11][12][13], the genesis of the subtropical cyclones is generally associated with a weak cyclonic anomaly at the surface, which is dynamically supported by the presence of a trough or cut-off low at the mid-upper levels of the troposphere.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Key Features and Adverse Weather of the Named Subtropical Cyclones over the Southwestern South Atlantic Ocean

2018

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This work documents the main features of six subtropical cyclones occurred between the years 2010 and 2016 over the southwestern South Atlantic Ocean, near the Brazilian coast, which received names (with the exception of one) from the Brazilian Navy Hydrographic Center. The fine-resolution ERA5 reanalysis and rainfall estimates from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) were used to describe the synoptic environment and the adverse weather conditions during the six events. The support of a small-amplitude trough at mid-levels or a cut-off low, weak vertical wind shear, and moisture flux convergence are the main features contributing to the subtropical cyclogenesis at the surface. On the other hand, sea surface temperature (SST) presents a secondary contribution since the cyclones develop over the ocean with a wide range of SST values (from 22.5 °C to 28.6 °C in the initial phase of cyclones). The six subtropical cyclones are less deep in the atmosphere column than the tropical ones and, unlike the extratropical cyclones, they have little or no westward tilt with an increase in height. The studied subtropical cyclones produced adverse weather conditions such as (a) strong winds (reaching 17 m·s−1 at 10 m high) for a long period occurring east/southeastward of the cyclone center, and (b) high amounts of rainfall along the southeastern coast of Brazil, where the accumulated rainfall varied between 170 to 350 mm, being in most cases higher than the monthly climatology. Over the continent, the Brazilian states of Rio de Janeiro and Espírito Santo were the most affected by the intense rainfall associated with the cyclones.

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Subtropical cyclones over the oceanic basins: a review

Cited by 36 publications

References 91 publications

The Future of Midlatitude Cyclones

The Future of Midlatitude Cyclones

Sensitivity of a Mediterranean Tropical-Like Cyclone to Physical Parameterizations

Key Features and Adverse Weather of the Named Subtropical Cyclones over the Southwestern South Atlantic Ocean

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