Subthreshold psychotic symptom distress, self-stigma, and peer social support among college students with mental health concerns.

Denenny, Danielle; Thompson, Elizabeth; Pitts, Steven C.; Dixon, Lisa B.; Schiffman, Jason

doi:10.1037/prj0000124

Cited by 43 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Access to appropriate disclosure targets could thus mitigate early stigma stress, and its negative consequences. This interpretation corresponds with reports that the association between distress from subthreshold psychotic symptoms and self-stigma was stronger for people with lower peer social support (Denenny, Thompson, Pitts, Dixon, & Schiffman, 2015).…”

Section: Insert Table 3 About Here Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Conditional Disclosure on Pathways to Care: Coping Preferences of Young People at Risk of Psychosis

et al. 2016

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The interrelationship between stigma and help-seeking is under-researched amongst children and adolescents. This study explored stigma in relation to pathways to care amongst young people putatively in an early stage of increased risk of developing psychotic disorders. 'Pathways to care' was defined as help-seeking and support from informal and formal resources, and increased risk was determined though the presence of persistent psychotic-like experiences and internalizing/externalizing psychopathology.Twenty-nine qualitative interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis. We defined the super-ordinate theme in these data as "conditional disclosure"; a concept reflecting the rules and prerequisites that influenced how/whether participants sought help. Through parallels between these findings and established stigma theory, we examined how these conditions could be interpreted as influenced by stigma. Our findings demonstrate the influence of stigma on young people's perceptions of a range of preclinical symptoms, and on how they seek support for these symptoms. 3Mental health problems are estimated to affect around one in ten children and adolescents (Polanczyk, Salum, Sugaya, Caye, & Rohde, 2015). These early difficulties can develop into longstanding issues; indeed, the origins of most adult mental disorders can be tracked back to early life, with onset for around half of lifetime cases occurring before the age of fifteen years, and three-quarters by the midtwenties (Kessler et al., 2007). Early difficulties are also associated with disrupted social functioning, compromised educational attainment, and negative impacts on, for example, adulthood relationships and marriage stability, parenting, physical health, and socio-economic outcomes (A. Goodman, Joyce, & Smith, 2011;Riglin, Petrides, Frederickson, & Rice, 2014). These early difficulties remain untreated for many, and this under-treatment of mental disorders amongst children and adolescents is recognized as a public health concern around the world (Polanczyk et al., 2015). For example, in Great Britain, only 24% of children aged 5-16 years with a diagnosable mental disorder had received treatment from specialist mental health services within the previous year (Green, McGinnity, Meltzer, Ford, & Goodman, 2005).An improved understanding of the mechanisms, stages and patterns underlying young people's helpseeking and service use, and the potential barriers to these processes, could inform strategies aiming to reduce this treatment gap.One potential barrier to receiving care is mental-health related stigma. Stigma has been defined as the situation of a person disqualified from social acceptance due to possessing a deeply discredited attribute, which reduces the stigmatized individual from a whole and usual person to a tainted and discounted one (Goffman, 1963). This definition outlines that, in the case of mental illness, this attribute reflects a blemish on the individual character. Stigma has been conceptualized in many ways. For example, one freque...

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Section: Insert Table 3 About Here Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Conditional Disclosure on Pathways to Care: Coping Preferences of Young People at Risk of Psychosis

et al. 2016

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“…Notably, a significant association between the severity and global social functioning emerged in patients without risk of psychosis but not in at-risk subjects. We speculate that in the presence of subthreshold psychotic symptomatology, the overall psychological functioning -including relational, social, and school adaptation-is probably much more affected by the frequency and the intensity of psychotic symptoms rather than by features specific of eating disorders [32].…”

Section: Factors Influencing the Link Between Eating Disorders Severimentioning

confidence: 90%

Clinical features of adolescents diagnosed with eating disorders and at risk for psychosis

et al. 2020

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Background. The presence of subthreshold psychotic symptoms in adolescents with eating disorders is poorly described. This study provides a detailed characterization of adolescents affected by eating disorders in the absence or presence of subthreshold psychotic symptoms, taking into account a wide set of sociodemographic, psychological, and clinical variables. Methods. Ninety-four adolescents diagnosed with eating disorders were interviewed, focusing on clinical anamnesis and sociodemographic data collection. The Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States (CAARMS) was used to assess the presence (HR+) or absence (HR−) of subthreshold psychosis. The clinicians completed a questionnaire on eating disorders severity, whereas patients provided self-report measures of global social functioning and psychological symptoms associated with eating disorders. Results. Attenuated psychotic symptoms were highly frequent (84% of subjects). HR+ patients experienced more frequently purging behaviors and dysmorphophobia and received a greater amount of antipsychotic drugs. Compared to HR− counterparts, HR+ patients reported higher eating disorders severity and psychological symptoms (i.e., ineffectiveness, interpersonal and affective problems) associated with eating disorders. Finally, a significant correlation between global social functioning and eating disorders severity emerged only for HR− subjects. Conclusions. These descriptive data are warranted to identify a potential psychotic core in eating disorders, mainly concerning body image and weight as well as specific psychological features. The availability of reliable and valid markers of risk can further increase our capacity to detect the early emergence of psychosis in adolescents with eating disorders, whose outcome might be worsened by the presence of psychotic symptoms.

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“…This may reflect service users' responses due to internalised stigma and disempowerment [55]. Along with anti-stigma interventions, empowering service users through interventions such as psychoeducation and peer support may be beneficial for their increased social participation [69,70]. Given the high likelihood of mental illness concealment and its adverse effects on psychological well-being [33,71], peer support programmes providing opportunities for safe disclosure and sharing positive experiences may be effective in improving self-esteem and empowerment, leading to reduced self-stigma and avoidance [72].…”

Section: Implications and Further Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychiatric diagnosis and other predictors of experienced and anticipated workplace discrimination and concealment of mental illness among mental health service users in England

Yoshimura

Bakolis

Henderson

2018

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol

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Subthreshold psychotic symptom distress, self-stigma, and peer social support among college students with mental health concerns.

Cited by 43 publications

References 52 publications

Conditional Disclosure on Pathways to Care: Coping Preferences of Young People at Risk of Psychosis

Conditional Disclosure on Pathways to Care: Coping Preferences of Young People at Risk of Psychosis

Clinical features of adolescents diagnosed with eating disorders and at risk for psychosis

Psychiatric diagnosis and other predictors of experienced and anticipated workplace discrimination and concealment of mental illness among mental health service users in England

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