Substitution of fish meal with soybean meal for juvenile Chinese mitten crab ( Eriocheir sinensis ) reared at three salinities: Effects on survival, growth, antioxidant capacity and body composition

Abstract

A 60-day feeding experiment was conducted to evaluate the survival, growth, antioxidant capacity and body composition of the juvenile Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) reared at three salinities (0.5‰, 2‰ and 6‰) in response to the different substitution levels (0%, 24%, 39%, 57% and 100%) of fish meal (FM) by soybean meal (SBM). The five diets were named as S0, S24, S39, S57 and S100 respectively. Results showed that survival rate (SR) was only significantly affected by the substitution level at the salinity of 0.5‰, with significantly higher SR observed in S39 (p < 0.05). At the salinity of 0.5‰ and 2‰, the significantly higher weight gain rate (WGR) was observed in S39 and S57 respectively (p < 0.05). At the salinity of 6‰, WGR was significantly improved by partial or complete substitution of FM by SBM. At each salinity, the highest GSH-Px activity and lowest MDA content were observed in the treatments of S57, which were comparable to that fed S0. At the salinity of 6‰, the activities of SOD and CAT were significantly decreased in S100 than that in the other treatments (p < 0.05). The proline content significantly increased as the substitution level increased at the salinity of 2‰. At the salinity of 6‰, the contents of proline, glutamine, cysteine, methionine and lysine, first significantly increased and then decreased (p < 0.05), with the highest value observed in the treatment of S39 or S57.These results indicated that the optimal substitution level of FM by SBM was estimated to be 39% and 57% in the diets of E. sinensis at the salinity of 0.5‰ and 2‰ respectively. Although the FM can be completely replaced by SBM without negatively affecting the survival and growth performance at the salinity of 6‰, the antioxidant capacity was reduced to a large extent.

Effect of dietary soybean meal on growth performance, apparent digestibility, intestinal digestive enzyme activity and muscle growth-related gene expression of Litopenaeus vannamei

“…The inhibition effect of intestinal digestive enzyme activities by replacing fishmeal with soybean meal in aquatic feed is a common phenomenon that has been well reported in previous studies. For instance, replacing 57% and 100% of fishmeal by soybean meal in Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) diets significantly reduced the intestinal digestive enzyme activities of trypsin, lipase, and amylase (Liu et al, 2021). Similar result was also reported by Zhang et al (2015) that replacing 12% to 48% fishmeal with soybean meal significantly decreased the intestinal lipase and amylase activities of rice filed eel (Monopterus albus).…”

“…Similar results were also observed in various species, such as European catfish (Silurus glanis) (Kumar et al, 2017), Tiger puffer (Takifugu rubripes) (Lim et al, 2011), sharpsnout seabream (Diplodus puntazzo) (Hernandez et al, 2007), red snapper (Lutjanus campechanus) (Davis et al, 2005), Pseudobagrus ussuriensis (Wang et al, 2016), stellate sturgeon (Acipenser stellatus) (Emdadi et al, 2013), Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian) (Jiang et al, 2015b), rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) (Harlioglu, 2011), Channa argus (Zhang et al, 2020), Epinephelus Fuscoguttatus (Liu et al, 2018), bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) (Ding et al, 2019;Wang et al, 2020), and Chinese mitten carb (Eriocheir sinensis) (Liu et al, 2021). In this study, the increased FC with increasing dietary soybean meal indicated that supplementation of soybean meal decreased feed utilization; this may account for the depressed growth performance of shrimp.…”

“…Tibaldi et al (2006) also documented that substitution of 50% fishmeal by soybean meal significantly decreased ADCs of dry matter, crude protein, crude lipid, and ash. Although the reason why supplementation of soybean meal inhibited the intestinal digestive enzyme activities is not fully understood, this may be attributed to the increasing levels of the anti-nutritional factors (such as soybean agglutinin, glycinin, and b-conglycinin) with the increase of soybean meal in diets (Ding et al, 2019;Liu et al, 2021). Yue et al (2012) also reported that anti-nutritional factors in soybean meal reduced the digestive enzyme activities in the gut of L. vannamei.…”

An investigation on the optimal lipid level for juvenile Chinese mitten crab ( Eriocheir sinensis ) reared under three salinities: Survival, growth, digestive enzyme activities, antioxidant capacity and body composition

“…The detailed procedures can be found in the instructions of corresponding commercial kits. The unit definition can be referred in Liu, Wen, Man, et al (2021).…”

“…As one of the three main basins of the original distribution area of E. sinensis , Liaohe River Basin is characterized by the symbiotic culture model of rice crab with an annual yield amounting to 61,192 t in 2019 (Liu, Wen, Man, et al, 2021). According to the investigation, the salinity of water in Liaohe River Basin fluctuates between 2‰ and 6‰ (unpublished data).…”